margaret hamilton biography

One of the many contributors to this effort was Margaret Hamilton, a computer scientist who led the Software Engineering Division of the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, which in 1961 contracted with NASA to develop the Apollo programs guidance system. Principal Investigator, Magnetometer Instrument, Cassini Mission, This site is maintained by the Planetary Science Communications team at. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. [17], It was her efforts on this project that made her a candidate for the position at NASA as the lead developer for Apollo flight software. Early life [ edit] Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. For her work during this period, Hamilton has been credited with popularizing the concept of software engineering. She appeared regularly in supporting roles in films until the early 1950s and sporadically thereafter. In The Paul Lynde Halloween Special (1976), she portrayed Lynde's housekeeper, reprising the Wicked Witch role, as well as introducing Lynde to the rock group Kiss. 1. The picture made a terrible impression of some kind on them, sometimes a ghastly impression, but most of them got over it, I guess because when I talk like the Witch, and when I laugh, there is a hesitation and then they clap. Starred in the live on-stage musical "A Little Night Music" (with actress Jean Simmons in the lead role) during the mid-1970s in San Francisco. At MIT, Margaret Hamilton was on the staff of the Draper Laboratory, founded in 1932 by Dr. Charles Stark Draper. Omissions? The company was developed around the Universal Language of Software Design Systems. Margaret Hamilton was born Margaret Heafield on August 17, 1936 in Paoli, Indiana. Biography. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. ", is co-written with astronaut Dave Williams. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Hamilton was born in Cleveland, Ohio and practiced her craft doing children's theater while she was a Junior League of Cleveland member. She was 82 years old. In later years, Hamilton appeared in films and made frequent cameo appearances on television sitcoms and commercials. Check out Margaret Hamilton's Bio Now Hamilton and Ray Bolger were cast members in the 1966 fantasy film The Daydreamer, a collection of stories by Hans Christian Andersen. She was born on August 17, 1936, which makes Margaret Hamilton age be 82 years old as of now. We recommend you to check the complete list of Famous People born on 9 December. Houston! Garland visited Hamilton while the latter recuperated at home looking after her son. [48] Others have used HOS to formalize the semantics of linguistic quantifiers,[49] and to formalize the design of reliable real-time embedded systems. We had to find a way and we did. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Miss Hamilton Sings 1840 Song at Play House", "Wicked Witch of the West not always a fright sight", "Wizard of Oz 'witch' loved her Maine island", "Actress Margaret Hamilton, the Wicked Witch of the West", Margaret Hamilton correspondence and ephemera, 1944-1979, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Hamilton_(actress)&oldid=1138589927, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Vague or ambiguous geographic scope from March 2014, Internet Broadway Database person ID same as Wikidata, Internet Off-Broadway Database person ID same as Wikidata, Turner Classic Movies person ID different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Epiisode: "An Eye for an Eye" (S 2:Ep 35), Episode: "Bilko Enters Politics" (S 2:Ep 20), This page was last edited on 10 February 2023, at 13:49. Margaret Hamilton was born in 1936 in the United States. There was no second chance. Under her married name of Margaret Meserve, she served on the Beverly Hills Board of Education from 1948 to 1951. In 1945, she played the domineering sister of Oz co-star Jack Haley in George White's Scandals, comically trying to prevent him from marrying actress Joan Davis, even going so far as to throw a hatchet at her. Would spoof her famous role of The Wicked Witch of The West in a 1976 Paul Lynde Halloween Special for television. Your email address will not be published. [50], Hamilton was the CEO of HOS through 1984[20] and left the company in 1985. Her latest book, "Why Am I Taller? Hamilton also toured in many plays and musicals, even repeating her role of the Wicked Witch in specially written stage productions of The Wizard of Oz. Half a century ago, MIT played a critical role in the development of the flight software for NASAs Apollo program, which landed humans on the Moon for the first time in 1969. Paul Boynton Meserve (13 June1931 - 20 May1938)( divorced)( 1 child). As an adult, she worked on NASA's Apollo program, creating computer programs to guide spacecraft to and from the moon. [15], Hamilton remained a lifelong friend of The Wizard of Oz castmate Ray Bolger (the scarecrow). [3], Hamilton made her screen debut in the MGM film Another Language (1933) starring Helen Hayes and Robert Montgomery. Play Girl. Planetary science is a global profession. Design & Development: According to MIT, this was the first air defense system for the country and helped to push forward digital computing in the 1950s and 1960s. New York, For her last stage role, she was cast as Madame Armfeldt in the Stephen Sondheim musical A Little Night Music, singing the song "Liaisons" for the national tour costarring with Jean Simmons as her daughter Desiree. Her family later moved to Michigan and Hamilton attended the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, for a time. ..and your little dog, too!" The woman behind of cinema's most iconic villains, Cleveland-born Margaret . When she was studying at Earlham College, she met James Hamilton. My Little Chickadee. Her crisp voice with rapid but clear enunciation was another trademark. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). With the error addressed, the lunar landings for Apollos 12, 14, 15, 16 and 17 were made possible. What followed next were brief messages from Apollo 11 to Robledo de Chabela in Spain; and from Spain to Houston, where Margaret was; from Houston to Robledo; and from Robledo to Apollo 11. [33] The asynchronous executive designed by J. Halcombe Laning[34][30][35] was used by Hamilton's team to develop asynchronous flight software: Because of the flight software's system-software's error detection and recovery techniques that included its system-wide "kill and recompute" from a "safe place" restart approach to its snapshot and rollback techniques, the Display Interface Routines (AKA the priority displays) together with its man-in-the-loop capabilities were able to be created in order to have the capability to interrupt the astronauts' normal mission displays with priority displays of critical alarms in case of an emergency. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Because software was a mystery, a black box, upper management gave us total freedom and trust. Hamilton, now an independent computer scientist, described for MIT News in 2009 her contributions to the Apollo software which last month was added in its entirety to the code-sharing site GitHub: From my own perspective, the software experience itself (designing it, developing it, evolving it, watching it perform and learning from it for future systems) was at least as exciting as the events surrounding the mission. This system played a crucial role just before the Apollo 11 moon landing on July 20, 1969. After graduation she married her first husband, James Cox Hamilton, and . The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Guest in the House. Discover today's celebrity birthdays and explore famous people who share your birthday. in Space Studies from the University of North Dakota, a Bachelor of Journalism from Canada's Carleton University and (soon) a Bachelor of History from Athabasca University. Margaret Hamilton Biography Margaret Hamilton was born in Cleveland, Ohio on December 9, 1902, the youngest of four children and obtained her teaching certificate in 1923 from the Wheelock . Hamilton was concerned with legitimizing software development as an engineering discipline. From 1961 to 1963, Hamilton worked on the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) Project at the MIT Lincoln Lab,[14] where she was one of the programmers who wrote software for the prototype AN/FSQ-7 computer (the XD-1), used by the U.S. Air Force to search for possibly unfriendly aircraft. I was the first one to get it to work. JWST finds galaxies that shouldn't exist! [14] The SAGE Project was an extension of Project Whirlwind, started by MIT to create a computer system that could predict weather systems and track their movements using simulators. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. [47] In 1980, British-Israeli computer scientist David Harel published a proposal for a structured programming language derived from HOS from the viewpoint of and/or subgoals. The Opportunity of a Lifetime. "Hamilton contributed to concepts of asynchronous software, priority scheduling and priority displays, and human-in-the-loop decision capability, which set the foundation for modern, ultra-reliable software design and engineering," the citation for her medal read. [12] She developed software for predicting weather, programming on the LGP-30 and the PDP-1 computers at Marvin Minsky's Project MAC. They married in the late 1950s, after she graduated in mathematics. According to Wired's Karen Tegan Padir: "She, along with that other early programming pioneer, COBOL inventor Grace Hopper, also deserve tremendous credit for helping to open the door for more women to enter and succeed in STEM fields like software. In recent years, a striking photo of Hamilton and her teams Apollo code has made the rounds on social media and in articles detailing her key contributions to Apollo 11's success. In 2003, she was given the NASA Exceptional Space Act Award for scientific and technical contributions. By 1968, she was in charge of all Command Module software, which was all the software for navigation and lunar landing guidance. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Between 1969 and 1972, the Apollo program carried out 22 missions: 19 with total success, 2 with partial success and 1 with failure. She portrayed the sister of Witchiepoo from H.R. At the time, no schools taught software engineering, so the team members had to work out any problems on their own. She was contributing writer for Space.com (opens in new tab) for 10 years before joining full-time, freelancing since 2012. Everything was done based on codes, so that they did not occupy too much space in the small memories of the computers, which were NOT made of silicon, but were housed in iron cores. It was July 20, 1969. Dedication and commitment were a given. and he said 'Maggie, they want you to play a part on the Wizard.' A kindergarten teacher in her native Cleveland, Margaret Hamilton began her acting career there in community theatre and with the prestigious Cleveland Playhouse. If the latter case, this would be Hamilton's third but uncredited role. With only minutes to spare, the decision was made to go for the landing.". Margaret Hamilton was born December 9, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio to Jennie and Walter Hamilton. Margaret had already built her resume with several performances in film before she came to her most memorable and astronomically successful role, Almira Gulch / The Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz (1939). Even with her extensive film career, Hamilton took roles in whatever medium she could get if she was free, making her soap opera debut as the nasty Mrs. Sayre on Valiant Lady, who schemed to prevent her daughter from marrying the heroine's son. A brief history of the famous 1969 photo of the software that sent humans to the Moon. According to Hamilton, this now-iconic image (at left, above) was taken at MIT in 1969 by a staff photographer for the Instrumentation Laboratory later named the Draper Laboratory and today an independent organization for use in promotion of the labs work on the Apollo project. If the computer hadn't recognized this problem and taken recovery action, I doubt if Apollo 11 would have been the successful moon landing it was. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". [4][5] The family later moved to Michigan,[6] where Margaret graduated from Hancock High School in 1954. Apollo 9 tested out the lunar module and command module together in Earth orbit for the first time, and then the two spacecraft were tested again in lunar orbit for Apollo 10. Elizabeth is also a post-secondary instructor in communications and science since 2015. '[8], Hamilton's stand-in and stunt double for the Witch, Betty Danko, also suffered an on-set accident on February 11, 1939. A century earlier, she had a worthy British predecessor named Ada Lovelace. Bill Dunford Corrections? A former schoolteacher, she worked as a character actor in films for seven years before she was offered the role that defined her public image. [4] She studied mathematics at the University of Michigan in 1955 before transferring to Earlham College, where her mother was a student;[7][8] she earned a BA in mathematics with a minor in philosophy in 1958. Soon after, Neil Armstrong radioed the expected message to Houston: The Eagle has landed, The Eagle has landed. The computer (or rather the software in it) was smart enough to recognize that it was being asked to perform more tasks than it should be performing. 1967) {Ex-Husband}, Your email address will not be published. She appeared on an episode of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood in 1975 where she explained to children she was only playing a role and showed how putting on a costume "transformed" her into the witch. Las mejores ofertas para THE ALEXANDER HAMILTON READER margaret esther hall - PAPERBACK estn en eBay Compara precios y caractersticas de productos nuevos y usados Muchos artculos con envo gratis! That has been my favorite book since I was four.' This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. I guess for a minute they get the feeling they got when they watched the picture. We knew that. Searching to find out more about Margaret Hamilton? !' She was a distant cousin of Neil Hamilton, with whom she appeared in By Your Leave (1934). Hamilton has a diverse background, including an undergraduate degree in mathematics from Earlham College in Indiana, and postgraduate work in meteorology at MIT. Hamilton played two credited roles in the famous film: Almira Gulch and the Wicked Witch of the West. For her work, she was honored with the Presidential Medal. I will return to work on one condition no more fireworks!" Dedication and commitment were a given. Hamilton next worked at MITs Instrumentation Laboratory (now the independent Charles Stark Draper Laboratory), which provided aeronautical technology for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). and they continued. ], She married Paul Boynton Meserve on June 13, 1931, and made her debut on the New York City stage the following year. When she was 80 years old, on November 22, 2016, Margaret Hamilton received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, presented by the President of the United States, Barack Obama, for her work at NASA during the Apollo missions. The mirrors at the Ivanpah plant were configured to create a picture of Hamilton and the Apollo 11 by moonlight. Click here if you want to see this biography in Spanish translation. The meaning of those almost mysterious codes was available to very few. Margaret Hamilton Storey (July 31, 1900 - October 18, 1960) was an American museum curator, herpetologist and ichthyologist.She worked for the Stanford University Natural History Museum for over 25 years. Margaret Hamilton, the actress whose role as the cackling Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz unnerved generations of children, died yesterday, apparently of a heart attack, at a nursing home in Salisbury, Connecticut. She later founded two software companiesHigher Order Software in 1976 and Hamilton Technologies in 1986, both in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Margaret Elaine Hamilton (born Heafield on August 17, 1936) is an American computer scientist, systems engineer, and business owner. [42][43][44] It was successfully used in numerous government programs[45][46] including a project to formalize and implement C-IDEF, an automated version of IDEF, a modeling language developed by the U.S. Air Force in the Integrated Computer-Aided Manufacturing (ICAM) project. (Image credit: The White House via collectSPACE.com). Margaret Hamilton had no trouble reconciling her career at NASA with her mothering role. Cameron Diaz Biography, Facts & Life Story, Cam Newton Biography, Facts & Life Story, Roman Reigns Biography, Facts & Life Story, Lindsay Lohan Biography, Facts & Life Story, Christopher Lloyd Biography, Facts & Life Story, Michael Chiklis Biography, Facts & Life Story, Computer Scientist, Systems Engineer and Business Owner. She graduated from Hancock High School and studied at the University . They're scared. It is ironic that her performance as the Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz (1939) was so scary to children, because her first job was as a kindergarten teacher. She is from USA. We have a full Biography, Photos, Theatre Credits, and more! Among them, there were 6 in which the man stepped on the floor of the Moon. She later attended Hathaway Brown School in Shaker Heights, Ohio, and practiced acting doing children's theater while a Junior League of Cleveland member. Managing Editor: [Related: Apollo Coder and 'Apollo 13' Actor Receive Presidential Medals of Freedom]. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. She was Director of the Software Engineering Division of the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, which developed on-board flight software for the Apollo space program. Visit our corporate site (opens in new tab). "[64][65], In 2019, to celebrate 50 years to the Apollo landing, Google decided to make a tribute to Hamilton. She cofounded the company Higher Order Software in 1976 and established Hamilton Technologies 10 years later. [25], Her areas of expertise include: systems design and software development, enterprise and process modeling, development paradigm, formal systems modeling languages, system-oriented objects for systems modeling and development, automated life-cycle environments, methods for maximizing software reliability and reuse, domain analysis, correctness by built-in language properties, open-architecture techniques for robust systems, full life-cycle automation, quality assurance, seamless integration, error detection and recovery techniques, human-machine interface systems, operating systems, end-to-end testing techniques, and life-cycle management techniques. "Hamilton was honored by NASA in 2003, when she was presented a special award recognizing the value of her innovations in the Apollo software development," NASA wrote in 2016. On April 28, 2017, she received the Computer History Museum Fellow Award, which honors exceptional men and women whose computing ideas have changed the world. Margaret Brainard Hamilton (December 9, 1902 - May 16, 1985) was an American movie actress. The on-board flight software captured these alarms with the "never supposed to happen displays" interrupting the astronauts with priority alarm displays. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. )[citation needed]. Margaret Hamilton Biography, Facts & Life Story. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Mastodon: https://qoto.org/@howellspace. Margaret Heafield Hamilton was born on August 17, 1936, in Paoli, Indiana. [14] On October 30, 1975, she guest-starred on the radio revival series CBS Radio Mystery Theater. "From 'Kiddie Lit' to Children's Literature: The Biography of Francelia Butler." Looking back, we were the luckiest people in the world; there was no choice but to be pioneers. She had a small role in the made-for-television film The Night Strangler (1973) and appeared as a befuddled neighbor on Sigmund and the Sea Monsters, who is a friend of the very similar Mary Wickes. mystery guest on the popular Sunday night CBS-TV program. [54][60] The IEEE Software September/October 2018 issue celebrates the 50th anniversary of software engineering. It is possible to find relevant details of the biography of this extraordinary pioneer on many websites. [16] Hamilton also served as Director of the Software Engineering Division. [3] She also wrote software for a satellite tracking project at the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories. Hamilton, a 24-year-old with an undergrad degree in mathematics, had gotten a job as a programmer at MIT, and the plan was for her to support her husband through his three-year stint at Harvard. She later attended Hathaway Brown School in Shaker Heights, Ohio, and practiced acting doing children's theater while a Junior League of Cleveland member. five.[28]. "Every time the CPU approached overload, the software cleared out its entire queue of processes, restarted its functions; allowing only the highest priority ones to perform until the landing was completed," she said. She was portrayed by Fenella Woolgar in "Judy" (2019). Looking back, we were the luckiest people in the world; there was no choice but to be pioneers.. It was an ongoing joke for a long time. Margaret Hamilton was born December 9, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio, to Jennie (Adams) and Walter Hamilton. And sometimes when I go to schools, if we're in an auditorium, I'll do it. and he said, 'What else? Hamilton also appears as an unidentified flying witch during the tornado scene, which may have been the Wicked Witch of the West or her sister, the Wicked Witch of the East. The character is considered to be one of the screen's greatest and most memorable villains of all time. Danko made the fiery entrance to Munchkinland, not Hamilton. Her most visible appearances during this period were as general store owner, Cora, in a national series of television commercials for Maxwell House coffee. I said, 'Yes?' margaret-hamilton-bio-wiki-age-family-net-worth-height-nationality-and-facts.html. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Social Media Lead: is 5'(1.52m) . They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Her Gramercy Park neighbor Sybil Daneman reported that Hamilton loved children but they were often afraid to meet her because of her portrayal of the Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz. While studying mathematics and philosophy at Earlham College in Richmond, Indiana, she met James Hamilton, and they subsequently married. In 2019, she was awarded the Intrepid Lifetime Achievement Award. Storey was born in San Francisco, California, into an educated household. Her net worth has been growing significantly in 2021-2022. By some accounts, the astronauts had inadvertently left the rendezvous radar switch on, causing these alarms to be triggered (the claim that the radar was left on inadvertently by the astronauts is disputed by Robert Wills with the National Museum of Computing[29]).

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