xwOBA is formulated using exit velocity, launch angle Rank Name Team ERA; 1: Ian May: California.00-Matt Comnos: CSU Bakersfield.00-Ryan Verdugo: CSU Bakersfield K/BF: Strikeouts per batter faced. Each one saves .73 to .76 runs per Plus/Minus point. Note: We used a combination of metrics such as Defensive Wins Above Replacement (dWAR), Total Zone Runs (an estimate of runs saved or given up in the field), errors and fielding percentage to produce this lineup. The SPORTS REFERENCE and STATHEAD trademarks are owned exclusively by Sports Reference LLC. The data available for new players to the major leagues are limited. as Active Spin. Franklin had a UZR value of 29, indicating that, in theory, he saved 29 runs. He was studying the defensive numbers available at Fangraphs and Hardball Times when the line for Franklin Gutierrez jumped out at him. From the beginning, this project involved dividing up the field into zones. Significant differences between DA and ZR mean that a given fielder may look better in ZR than in DA or vice versa. Phillies (24th, 1.4 WAR) With Bryce Harper undergoing Tommy John surgery and likely to miss the first half of the season, the spotlight is again on Nick Castellanos, whose performance in the first year of his five-year, $100 million deal was downright dreadful. Most innovations in defensive metrics during this period fall into one of two flavorsmetrics that can be derived from the established statistical categories (putouts, assists, errors, total chances) and metrics that require batted ball information, including hit locations. Alyssa . She also hit .427 with 27 runs scored. A constant multiplier is applied for all players at a given position, but it varies by position. For example, the zone for line drives is much smaller than that for fliners or fly balls. Fielder - All. Fractional hits, plays made, and errors are added together to get a Total Zone rating. 2023 MLB Complete Stats - Fielding - CBSSports.com MLB Fielding Complete Stats Player Leaders Team Leaders Player Stats Team Stats Fantasy Stats Live Leaders MLB Fielding Regular Sorry, no. [/fn], For middle infielders, the main ingredients are Plus/Minus Runs Saved and runs saved on double plays. Oer the errors of the past. The metrics that are available now and that we outlined above may prove useful for evaluating players in a career context or, depending on the metric, over a shorter span, one to three seasons. All major league baseball data including pitch type, velocity, batted ball location, and play-by-play data provided by Sports Info Solutions. Synonyms for Fielding percentage in Free Thesaurus. produces a result. Everyone understands that the basis for selection is ultimately subjective. How hard, in miles per hour, a fielder throws the ball. [fn]Doug, Miller, Four New Defensive Stats Explained, 11 January 2010, MLB.mlb.com.[/fn]. Through games March 2, 2023. What softball measurables do college coaches look for in a pitcher? Zone Rating (ZR). Many a mortal swaggers slowly Sitting and watching or scoring a game, any casual fan can deduce that a batter who gets 1 hit in 4 at-bats in a game is batting .250 for the game. [/fn] Havent all the front offices caught on by now, so that there are no more bargains for them to sift through in the glovework department? Voters have included Bill James, Peter Gammons, Rob Neyer, Hal Richman (of Strat-O-Matic), and fans who vote in a poll conducted by Tom Tango. A batted ball with the perfect combination of exit the ERA scale, A measurement of a player's top running speed, expressed [fn]Sean Smith, Total Zone Defense on Baseball Reference.[/fn]. In contrast to the rules governing voting for the Gold Glove Award, the list of eligible players is restricted to players who played a minimum number of innings at a given position. Defensive Runs Saved. Chase Utley and Mark Ellis lead among second basemen for this period, and Jeff Kent ranks last. But the brother of Giants infielder Wilmer Flores (they have different middle names) established his name among baseball's top prospects with a breakout season between High-A and Double-A with a 2.79 ERA, 1.01 WHIP and 130 . All voting is based on a combination of defensive statistics and visual observation. A Batted Ball Event represents any batted ball that They divide the field into zones. Here are some examples: Conversely, fielders are credited for plays theyre not expected to make. For first basemen, assists are counted but not putouts, which are considered to be not meaningful in most cases, resulting in the anomaly that the first baseman fielding the ball and throwing it to the pitcher covering first is rated more highly than the first baseman who fields the ball and runs to the bag himself. A big advantage of these metrics is that they can be calculated for any year from 1876 to the present. In the 1980s, Tom Tippett developed Adjusted Range Factor. Apparently most of the baseball writers voting on the NL MVP that year didnt recognize the strength of Utleys seasonhe finished only fourteenth in the voting. Mitchel Lichtman, who worked for the Cardinals for a few years, 2004 through 2006, says they used UZR back then. FLB%: % of batted balls hit in the air. [/fn], Even the statisticians and analysts who develop and work with the advanced defensive metrics are constantly referring back to the empirical evidence, what they see a fielder do, as well as to his reputation (how many Gold Gloves has he won? And UZR is like Defensive Runs Saved in that its based on locations of batted balls and not on an observers judgment whether a fielder should be able to reach a ball in a given zone. Later James acknowledged that Range Factor could not adequately capture the fielding performance of pitchers, catchers, and first basemen. 8085. One player at each position receives the award. This tends to penalize a fielder who plays next to a fielder with poor range. Although Major League Baseball doesnt recognize them as official statistical categories, theyre computed from the actual statistics in the official record and have proven to be reasonably reliable instruments for evaluating and predicting a players offensive performance. become a hit. In 2000, Omar started 154 games at shortstop for the Indians. In his Beadle guide following the 1872 season, fielding statistics did not include errors. For the seasons for which they can be used, however, these metrics have proven to be more reliable indicators of a players fielding ability than are the box-scorebased metrics. Addie Joss first said that, in 1906, according to Bill James, who adds that, when Joss was criticized for it, he tried to explain that he meant that pitching was 90 percent of defense. [/fn], Just as a front offices attentiveness to the statistical analysis of defense doesnt guarantee success (the Mariners, for example, have gotten off to a woeful start this year), neither does willful neglect of it necessarily mean a team is doomed to flail around near the bottom of the standings. For a batter, Best Speed is an average of 50% of his hardest hit balls. Even a few Hall of Famers. [fn]Ibid., 1113. Plus/Minus, another metric that John Dewan developed using BIS data, is designed to answer the question How many plays did this player make above or below what an average player at his position would make?[fn]Ibid., 1. On several occasions Royals general manager Dayton Moore has indicated that, when it comes to evaluating defense, he trusts his scouts more than he trusts the numbers. In baseball statistics, fielding percentage, also known as fielding average, is a measure that reflects the percentage of times a defensive player properly handles a batted or thrown ball. As a minor leaguer in the MLB system, Petagine hit more than 130 homers and drove in more than 600 runs. Defense for them was the entire project of preventing runs, and that includes pitching as well as fielding. Subscribe to Stathead Baseball: Get your first month FREEYour All-Access Ticket to the Baseball Reference Database. The Sun Devils are 3-0 in one-run games this season, a notable tally as ASU went just 1-7 in one-score games last season. Division 1 Height: 5'9'' or taller Pitch velocity: 63+ MPH Even though our calculator can do the work for you, it doesn't hurt to learn how to do the math yourself. We present them here for purely educational purposes. Watch our How-To Videos to Become a Stathead, Subscribe to Stathead and get access to more data than you can imagine. I look at each batters career rates of outs by position. [/fn], Plus/Minus. [/fn], Of all the advanced defensive metrics, only Total Zone has been consistently recorded for minor leaguers, since 2005. David Laurila of Baseball Prospectus asked him whether defensive metrics [are] an important part of your evaluation process or do you rely primarily on scouting? Hendry replied: Its scouting for me. [/fn], The main ingredients in the Defensive Runs for first and third baseman are Plus/Minus Runs Saved and runs saved on bunts. I think defensive statistics are the most unpredictable stats out there, said Charley Kerfeld, special assistant to Phillies general manager Ruben Amaro Jr. Since Ive been here, we dont have an in-house stats guy and I kind of feel we never will.[fn]Doug Miller, New Defensive Stats Starting to Catch On, 11 January 2010, MLB.mlb.com.[/fn]. Middle infielder turns a double play despite an aggressive slide by the baserunner. You may also select a position to zoom in. The statistic is premised on the notion that the total number of outs in which a player participates is more relevant in evaluating that player's defensive play than the percentage of . The slick fielding middle infielder posted a .956 fielding percentage committing just five errors in 2022. A Touch is counted if a fielder touches the ball with his hand or his glove at any point during a play or if he is the first fielder to handle a ball that falls in for a hit. 3/24/096:00 PM 0 TRhit 10,000+ posts Coach May Below well look at some of the new, and not so new, defensive metrics that Jeff Kingston alludes to and then at some of the major-league clubs that are mining them for information that might give them insight and an advantage over their competition. Kenny Rogers led major-league pitchers in Defensive Runs in the period 20068, when he had 27. Most Wickets; . All logos are the trademark & property of their owners and not Sports Reference LLC. Here's how that breaks down . The major league record for errors by a pitcher in a career is held by Hippo Vaughn, with 64 errors.That also is the National League record. )[fn]Dewan, Fielding Bible, 11. have developed a kind of attention deficit disorder when it comes to defense. [/fn] Zduriencik traded for Gutierrez after the 2008 season, as part of his larger plan to tighten Seattles defense. Extensive Play-by-Play Data Available. At this point, its hard to say. [/fn] Theyre the mirror image of Runs Created, the metric Bill James developed to estimate how many runs that are scored a hitter can be credited for. TEAM STATISTICS Batting Average . The pitchers ability to curb the running game has been shown to impact the running game more than the catchers ability to do the same. MLB Player Fielding Stats - As 1B - 2022 Statistics: Batting | Pitching | Fielding Season: League: Position: Qualified | Non-Qualified CLEAR Glossary GP: Games Played GS: Games Started. Ive been doing the [offensive] stuff all my life. Rather than just account for the number of plays made, the Enhanced Plus/ Minus number indicates the number of bases saved. But none of these [defensive metrics], Alan Schwarz wrote back in 2004, have gained any real currency, because they all basically derive from the same specious input: putouts, assists, and errors. Mitchel Lichtman took Zone Rating one step further, using a different approach from that in The Fielding Bible. Or, rather, is the converse still truethat the compensation to players whose glove is better than their bat is not commensurate with their true value? League Year-By-Year Fielding--Averages. Clubs that are using these or similar defensive metrics have good reason not to divulge the details of their search for undervalued fielding talent, but, at least around the edges of this discussion, a few are fairly forthcoming. How many does a catcher have? If some position players whose good glove more than offsets their weak bat still have a market value below their actual value, how would you know how to identify them? Smith uses different methods to analyze defense depending on the data available. Place the workers oer the shirkers The Mariners, ranked twentieth in MLB in UZR (1) in 2008, led all of MLB in that category (+85) in 2009. He won 10 Gold Glove awards in 17 seasons, earning a .984 fielding percentage at second base, where he played virtually his entire career. For second basemen, shortstops, and pitchers, their positional value is multiplied by their Plus/Minus, and the result is their Plus/Minus Runs Saved. As for the resistance from some front offices, are they allergic to innovation, or is it that they have a healthy aversion to busyness? Earned Run Average. Because of the location of the mound, the calculation of Plus/Minus for pitchers is similar to that of Plus/Minus for the middle infielders. About that you can be the judge. Many historical player head shots courtesy of David Davis. [fn]John Dewan (and Research Assiistant) Speak! 20 July 2009, The Book: Playing the Percentages in Baseball (www.insidethebook.com).[/fn]. [fn]Ibid., 199209. Though they err and err again. . . A hit would have to be recorded not only as a hit for the batter and against the pitcher but also as a missed opportunity for the fielder(s). The FIP calculator will return your Fielding Independent Pitching. Defensive Runs Saved, UZR, and Total Zone have begun to be updated regularly during the season. [fn]Fielding Bible, Volume II, 86. Get table as CSV (for Excel) Get Link to Table. [fn]Bill James, interview with C. Trent Rosecrans, Talking with Bill James: Part 1, 19 March 2010, Cincinnati Sports Journalism, cnati.com.[/fn]. [/fn] Adam Everett, for example, had a Plus/Minus of +33 at shortstop in 2005. So James sets the Runs Saved value of each position equal to a value such that the sum of Runs Created and Runs Saved is equal for each position. The official 2023 Baseball cumulative statistics for the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Eagles Modify, Export & Share Table. In RZR for outfielders, different zones are used depending on batted-ball type. A consequence of an efficient offense is better field position and fewer drives for your defense. pitch. From 1958 through 1964, they were voted on by players. DEFENSIVE MISPLAYS AND GOOD FIELDING PLAYS. Logos were compiled by the amazing SportsLogos.net. [fn]John Dewan, The Fielding Bible, Volume II (Skokie, Ill.: ACTA Sports, 2009), 114. Fans who have seen players in person vote on those players abilities. Its adjusted for the strikeout and groundball rates of the pitching staff and for the handedness of batters. Catchers do not have any Plus/Minus value; their Defensive Runs Saved consists of Stolen Bases Runs Saved and Adjusted Earned Runs Saved.We start with Stolen Bases Saved. In ZR, a ball that drops in for a hit in a zone that no fielder is considered responsible for is not counted as an opportunity for anyone, whereas in DA, if the ball is hit into the gap between short and second, for example, each infielder is charged with half an opportunity. Most of the effort to quantify run prevention, or defense, has been focused on pitching, at least since the late nineteenth century. How far, in feet, a runner is ranging off the bag at the The Longhorns also averaged a program record 6,918 fans in attendance at home last season, the fifth-highest average attendance in the country. 100 chances) in . Definition - What is Fielding Percentage? Plus/Minus offers more nuance than other defensive-rating systemsthe harder the play that is made, the greater the credit to the fielder. What are synonyms for Fielding percentage? [/fn] In his initial attempt to arrive at a single number for the defensive value of a player to his team, James used a complex formula. velocity and launch angle. They're categorized based on how often an average major-league fielder at that same position would make the play in question. This page allows you to see the average starting point of a fielder against all hitters, in all situations. Conversely, the fielder is penalized more harshly for missing a routine play than for missing a hard one. In The Fielding Bible, John Dewan expands on the original Zone Rating system he developed at STATS, his former company. For a pitcher it is the average of his softest 50% of batted balls allowed. First, though, lets look back at the handful of defensive statistical categories that are familiar and traditional. This is an improvement on Zone Rating in that a 6-second fly ball, for example, is treated differently from a 3-second line drive or a 4.5 second fliner. . The earliest baseball writers used the terms offense and defense in a precise manner that doesnt match up entirely with twenty-first-century usage. STATS reporters sit in the press box and, eyeballing the course of batted balls, record which zone every ball put into play falls into. Some high school data is courtesy David McWater. People scout players and they rate their defense, and thats what I go byand the personnel that we have in our own dugout.[fn]Jim Hendry, interview with David Laurila, Prospectus Q&A, 12 July 2009 BaseballProspectus.com. [fn]Probabilistic Model of Range Archives (last updated 9 December 2009), Baseballmusings.com. If you wanted to use Defensive Runs Saved (DRS) or any other related . He had an average fielding percentage of .985 over 24 seasons at the MLB level. "feet per second in a player's fastest one-second [fn]Ibid., 6367.[/fn]. [fn]Ibid., 39.[/fn]. A practical advantage that plain Range Factor has over Relative Range Factor is that it can be generated entirely from the data in box scores (you dont consider, for example, whether the pitchers the fielders are playing behind are groundball or fly-ball pitchers), although the reliability of plain Range Factor is inferior to that of RRF. In 2003, Retrosheet began recording more-specific play-by-play data. Major League and Minor League Baseball data provided by. Defensive Runs for pitchers is a measurement, of course, of the runs they save with their glove, not with their arm, except when they throw to a base after a ball is hit into play. When they call for sterling men, Data are generally available for determining who made an out in the field. [fn]Mitchel Lichtman, interview with Jeff Zimmerman, 25 March 2010. . Major League and Minor League Baseball data provided by. The likelihood, in percent, that an outfielder will be Between this rock and a hard place there is, however, a defensive metric that can be used to compared the defensive performance of players across the centuries. [/fn], Cronkite School at ASU Fielding percentage (sometimes called fielding average, abbreviated to FPCT) is a baseball statistic that reflects the percentage of times a defensive player correctly handles a batted or thrown ball. [fn]Personal communication with Vince Gennaro. Defense Great defensive units consistently set up their offensive crew with good field position. The caught-stealing percentage is tracked for pitchers as it is for catchers. Outfielders are rated on how often runners advance, stay put, or are thrown out in extrabase advancement situations. Their record in 2008 was dismalthey won all of 61 games. I know whats a normal gap between two seasons [offensively] and what isnt. I dont think anyone questions that were going to have a better defensive team. [fn]Bill James and Jim Henzler, Win Shares (Morton Grove: STATS Publishing, 2002). one base to another, like Home To First. (James would later propose that defensive innings be recorded. [fn]Tom Tippett, Evaluating Defense.[/fn], Tracking by Pixel. For example, the graph for second basemen would show how good a second baseman is at fielding balls relative to the second-base bag and also relative to the average major-league second baseman. [fn]Ibid., 16165.[/fn]. Safeco Field has one of the biggest. (See Fielding Bible Awards: An Alternative to the Gold Glove on page 96. Kirk went on to say that managers prefer that their players go after everything even if it means they make more errors, as long as theyre not mental errors. Ultimate Zone Rating (UZR). Question, Comment, Feedback, or Correction? We often hear that 90 percent of baseball is pitching. So if the average left fielder makes a player 40% of the time on the ball in question and that batted ball (based on location, speed, etc) is worth 0.8 runs on average, fielding it cleanly. Runs Created is an estimation of how many runs a player generates on offense with his bat and basestealing ability. Hugh Fullerton, a baseball writer, came up with a different formula in 1921. [/fn] In The Fielding Bible, Volume II, separate Plus/Minus values are given for the three categories of distance (shallow, medium, deep). [/fn] Still, DER is highly correlated with winning. In Revised Zone Rating (described below), no extra credit is given for them, theyre merely tallied separately. They would have to be estimated for games before 1952.). [fn]Sean Smith, Measuring Defense for Players Back to 1956, 25 March 2008, HardballTimes.com. Its almost impossible, writes Alan Schwarz in The Numbers Game, for the modern baseball fan, conditioned to focus on the battle between pitcher and batter, to appreciate how important fielding was in the early game. How high/low, in degrees, a ball was hit by a batter. If you put up tremendous offensive numbers year after year, the game will cut you a little slack when it comes to the glove.[fn]Doug Glanville, The Game from Where I Stand: A Ballplayers Inside View (New York: Times Books, 2010), 24. If its considered a miss, how significant is the miss? Unable to figure out how to measure fielding, they set their metric for it at 0that is, they threw up their hands and just assumed that its overall effect on the games outcome was neither positive nor negative. and 32 degrees. . Jump is a Statcast metric that shows which players have Much of the play-by-play, game results, and transaction information both shown and used to create certain data sets was obtained free of charge from and is copyrighted by RetroSheet. average fielding percentage by position. In the late 1970s, James proposed that the location of every batted ball be tracked for the purpose of evaluating defensive performance. And some players with a reputation for bad defense have some of the worst Total Zone ratings at their defensive positions: 1B Mo Vaughn, 2B Juan Samuel, SS Derek Jeter, 3B Dean Palmer, LF Pat Burrell and Adam Dunn, and RF Danny Tartabull. While the average starting field position is the +48 (for top teams), this shows that elite teams score from anywhere on the field. Win Expectancy, Run Expectancy, and Leverage Index calculations provided by Tom Tango of InsideTheBook.com, and co-author of The Book: Playing the Percentages in Baseball. James adjusted for these wrinkles in Relative Range Factor (RRF), which he introduced in a chapter in The Fielding Bible, twenty years after his original article on plain Range Factor. exit velocity of 95 mph or higher. ), to check the reliability of their statistical analysis. Outs Above Average (OAA) is the cumulative effect of all individual plays a fielder has been credited or debited with, making it a range-based metric of fielding skill that accounts for the number of plays made and the difficulty of them. After this breakdown, there are two specific splits: distance (in feet) and direction (indicated by a vector). These metrics are beyond the ability of the typical fan or researcher to calculate on his own; he must simply trust the work of private data-gathering servicesfor the most part, STATS, LLC (formerly STATS, Inc.) and Baseball Info Solutions (BIS)and rely on the numbers they report. First he divided the game into offense and defense (fielding plus pitching) and gave roughly twice as much weight to the formerhis exact ratio was 64 to 36. The meaning of FIELDING PERCENTAGE is the average (as of a baseball fielder) determined by dividing the number of putouts and assists by the number of chances called also fielding average. In The Fielding Bible, Volume II, John Dewan takes the defensive metrics in the first volume and translates them into runsinto runs saved, that is, or Defensive Runs Saved. [fn]Tom Tippett, Evaluating Defense, 5 December 2002, DiamondMind.com. It is just that, the larger the sample, the less the percentage of plays that UZR get wrong. Get as Excel Workbook. In home games, Texas had a team batting average of .340 and a .990 fielding percentage. As with Plus/Minus, the player evaluated by Total Zone is compared to the average player at his position in his league. the fastest reactions and most direct routes in the In The Fielding Bible, Volume II, Dewan also calculates Adjusted Earned Runs Saved. [/fn] Soon thereafter, Dewan left STATS and eventually developed Revised Zone Rating, Plus/Minus, and Defensive Runs Saved. In the 1990s, Pete DeCoursey and Sherri Nichols used play-by-play data from Project Scoresheet and The Baseball Workshop, a research company that produced baseball databases, in their development of Defensive Average. [fn]www.tangotiger.net/scout[/fn] Its a reasonable way to double-check a players defensive ability as indicated by the metrics. Some kids have outstanding fielding % because they can only get to the balls an average kid can get to. [fn]Major League Leaderboards, 2009, All Positions, Fielding Statistics | FanGraphs Baseball (Fangraphs.com). [fn]Fielding Bible, www.fieldingbible.com. ), FRONT OFFICES USE DEFENSIVE METRICSOR DONT USE THEM. Infielder lets the ball roll under his glove. Statistic Description: Fielding Percentage (Putouts + Assists) / (Putouts + Assists + Errors) Note that seasons prior to 1876 are not included in single-season marks, but are included in career marks. As for its purpose, it's typically used to evaluate the performance of a defender.While it has its limitations, it's still one of the more popular metrics for assessing the skills of fielders. Fielder holds a runner to a single on a ball that was a likely double or a triple. Plus/Minus values are calculated purely on the fielders success at all exactly unique plotted hit locations. There is no magic number for the amount of data on a player to be reliable, but after, say, three years, I consider a players UZR to be pretty darn reliable. [/fn], When the fielder loves his record We often hear that 90 percent of baseball is pitching. At the college and professional levels, it is about .970 and above. The Fielding percentage formula is straightforward: To calculate the fielding percentage for a player, we need to divide the sum of successful putouts and assists by the number of total attempts, i.e. As baseball historian John Thorn notes, Fielding skill was still the most highly sought after attribute of a ball player.[fn]Alan Schwarz, The Numbers Game: Baseballs Lifelong Fascination with Statistics (New York: Thomas Dunne Books, 2004), 9.[/fn]. What is the positional adjustment? Our reasoning for presenting offensive logos. For an example, consider John Dewans discussion of Chase Utley in The Fielding Bible, Volume II. Conversely, in 2005, Derek Jeter had a Plus/Minus of 34, despite his Gold Gloves and his reputation for making web-gem plays. Probabilistic Model of Range. All plotted hit locations that match these four criteria are compared to each other. T20R covers statistics and player rankings for all Twenty20 cricket, domestic and international, men's and women's. For example, this link allows you to see the starting position of third basemen, in 2018, in all situations. Data Provided By There is not a separate award to the best in the AL and the best in the NLits only for the best in all of MLB. In 1976, Baseball Digest ran Fielding Statistics Do Make Sense! an article wherein the author, one Bill James, introduced Range Factor, a reincarnation of Al Wrights fielding average (putouts added to assists and divided by games). Already by 1876, putouts, assists, and errors were added together to determine chances, and fielding percentage was calculated as it is now. For historical data, this provides a better estimate than does plain Range Factor, although its still an estimate. William F. Kirk. able to make a catch on an individual batted ball. Double plays by individual fielders were added as an official stat in 1922. ERA- is a park-adjusted and league-normalized Earned Run Average, where 100 is the league (NL or AL) average. The data collection is imperfect, as Lichtman explains: First and third base get less than half the opportunities of second base and shortstop. Welcome to Total Zone. For double plays, additional credit is given beyond the putouts and assists the fielders are credited with. Castellanos hit just .263/.305/.389 for a 94 wRC+ (matching his career-worst mark . Try again and win at last, Ryne Sandberg 18 of 20 Ryne Sandberg will go down as. Check out the Spring 2023 GIAA AAAA Boys Baseball Fielding Percentage stat leaders, including stats for Put Outs, Assists, Errors, Total Chances, and Games Played
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