Create a stratified sample by column. It is classified into two broad categories: qualitative data and quantitative data. For column 1, Press 5:randInt( and enter 1,10). It only contains finite values, the subdivision of which is not possible. Neither would be wrong, however. Frequently Asked Questions, Pew Research Center for the People & the Press, www.people-press.org/methodolwer-your-polls (accessed May 1, 2013). b. For example, you could stratify (group) your college population by department and then choose a proportionate simple random sample from each stratum (each department) to get a stratified random sample. LBCC Distance Learning (DL) program data in 2010-2011. lastbaldeagle. Our choice also depends on what we are using the data for. O A. And this is the reason why most students find it to be an interesting subject. Since these samples are not representative of the entire population, is it wise to use the results to describe the entire population? Making a schedule/timetable or studying together with your peers may help you in focusing and keep you active. Now, suppose we take a third sample. The total number of students in a class is an example of discrete data. The data are the areas of lawns in square feet. All members of the four departments with those numbers are the cluster sample. Hair color, blood type, ethnic group, the car a person drives, and the street a person lives on are examples of qualitative data. Qualitative or Categorical Data is data that cant be measured or counted in the form of numbers. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous and explain why The amounts of time that different - Answered by a verified Tutor . The term discrete means distinct or separate. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. When a car is randomly selected, it is found to have 3 wipers. Ordinal data is qualitative data for which their values have some kind of relative position. a. stratified; b. cluster; c. stratified; d. systematic; e. simple random; f.convenience. If you're asked whether age is a continuous or discrete variable in an Introductory Statistics class, the correct answer is technically continuous. Common problems to be aware of include. To determine the proportion of people taking public transportation to work, survey 20 people in New York City. Surveys mailed to households and then returned may be very biased (they may favor a certain group). Determine whether the given value is from a discrete or continuous data set. Working with data requires good data science skills and a deep understanding of different types of data and how to work with them. Collecting data carelessly can have devastating results. The easiest method to describe is called a simple random sample. For qualitative data, if the list can be sorted naturally, we further specify it as an ordinal variable. Ducks in a pond are discrete data because the number of ducks is a finite number. 1. Sleep deprivation is of no use, instead, you should take a nap to relax the nerves of your brain in order to learn and study later. You may wrap around (go back to the beginning). The job of the statistician is to see through the variability and draw appropriate conclusions. a. stratified; b. systematic; c. simple random; d. cluster; e. convenience. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why: . A discrete data set because there are a finite number of possible values. O A. Determine whether the value is from a discrete or continuous It is from a discrete data set because the number of possible values is infinite and countable. The number of animals in a zoo is continuous data because the number of animals varies yearly depending on the reproduction of new animals or the arrival of new animals. according to measurement accuracy, it can be significantly subdivided into smaller sections. Do you think that either of these samples is representative of (or is characteristic of) the entire 10,000 part-time student population? Instead, we use a sample of the population. A study is done to determine the average tuition that San Jose State undergraduate students pay per semester. It is not possible to measure qualitative data in terms of numbers and it is subdivided into nominal and ordinal data. Suppose Doreen and Jung both decide to study the average amount of time students at their college sleep each night. Press ENTER 2 more times (even the repeats). A discrete variable, on the other hand, can only take on specific values. Nominal Data is used to label variables without any order or quantitative value. Those numbers picked from the first department, picked from the second department, and so on represent the members who make up the stratified sample. Create a simple random sample of 15 quiz scores. A high school educational researcher interviews 50 high school female teachers and 50 high school male teachers. For this example, suppose Lisa chooses to generate random numbers from a calculator. The number of classes a student missed. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. We might make different choices of what we think is the best graph depending on the data and the context. A.The data are continuous because the data can only take on the data can only take on specificvalues. 1.2.13 State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous and explain why.The times required by students to complete a statistics test Choose the correct answer below. Can I get some help? feet. Self-selected samples: Responses only by people who choose to respond, such as call-in surveys, are often unreliable. Position 1 is less than the distance from G to H in Position 2. Record the number and the first quiz score. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. Therefore this is discrete data. state whether the data is continous or discrete The durations of B. You count discrete data. Lisa reads two-digit groups until she has chosen three class members (that is, she reads 0.94360 as the groups 94, 43, 36, 60). 5 (2006). The class boundaries are 10 to less than 13, 13 to less than 16, 16 to less than 19, 19 to less than 22, and 22 to less than 25. The data are discrete because the data can take on any value in an interval. For the purpose of analysis, data are presented as the facts and figures collected together. Step 2: Discrete and continuous data. The data are continuous because These values do not have to be complete numbers, but they are values that are fixed. What is the type of sampling in each case? These kinds of data can be considered in-between qualitative and quantitative data. You can go for a business analyst or a statistician or a financial analyst or even an economist etc. The data are discrete because the data can take on any value in an interval. These data consist of audio, images, symbols, or text. So, you will get the result too! If there is a repeat press ENTER again. The distance from G to H in Examples: crash testing cars or medical testing for rare conditions, Undue influence: collecting data or asking questions in a way that influences the response. Statistics involves organizing, analyzing, interpreting, and representing data. On Tax Day, House to Call for Firing Federal Workers Who Owe Back Taxes. The two-digit number 14 corresponds to Macierz, 05 corresponds to Cuningham, and 04 corresponds to Cuarismo. Think about what contributes to making Doreens and Jungs samples different. 13. If Doreen and Jung took larger samples (i.e. The exact distances (in centimeters) between the chairs in a college classroom. O C. The data are continuous because the data can. Q: State whether the data below are discrete or continuous, explain why. You should know how to manage your time and utilize it in the best way possible. A completely random method is used to select 75 students. For example, you can not have a natural order for apple, orange, and banana. Each random number may only contribute one class member. You'll find career guides, tech tutorials and industry news to keep yourself updated with the fast-changing world of tech and business. All data that are the result of counting are called quantitative discrete data. The amount a person grew (in height) in a year. The random numbers 0.94360 and 0.99832 do not contain appropriate two digit numbers. A type of sampling that is non-random is convenience sampling. Opinion poll posted online at: www.youpolls.com/details.aspx?id=12328 (accessed May 1, 2013). Your IP: The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. Statistics and Probability questions and answers, state whether the data is continous or discrete The durations of In one study, eight 16 ounce cans were measured and produced the following amount (in ounces) of beverage: 15.8; 16.1; 15.2; 14.8; 15.8; 15.9; 16.0; 15.5. When a sampling bias happens, there can be incorrect conclusions drawn about the population that is being studied. To four decimal places, 9/25 = 0.3600 and 9/24 = 0.3750. In each form of random sampling, each member of a population initially has an equal chance of being selected for the sample. Items a, e, f, k, and l are quantitative discrete; items d, j, and n are quantitative continuous; items b, c, g, h, i, and m are qualitative. That is, once a member is picked, that member goes back into the population and thus may be chosen more than once. In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member of the population should have an equally likely chance of being chosen). You sample the same five students. The measure of ZQ is 10 less than the measure of LP. The use of discrete and continuous quantitative variables would be helpful for detecting intervention effects . . Causality: A relationship between two variables does not mean that one causes the other to occur. B.The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. Here are a few steps to prepare well for your exam which has statistics as a part of the course. B. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. By using simple random sampling, select states to be part of the cluster. Most statisticians use various methods of random sampling in an attempt to achieve this goal. Continuous information is information that falls into a continuous series. All you can do right now is to just take a deep breath and believe in yourself! This is completely natural. 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The amount of money they spend on books is probably much less than the average parttime student. Besides simple random sampling, there are other forms of sampling that involve a chance process for getting the sample. It is classified into two broad categories: qualitative data and quantitative data. 8. Complex numbers and fluctuating data values that be measured over a defined time frame are referred to as continuous data. You are going to use the random number generator to generate different types of samples from the data. The data are discrete because the data can take on any value in an interval. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. discrete because the data can only. That is, a member of the population may be chosen only once. 26. A sample should have the same characteristics as the population it is representing. Press 5:randInt( and enter 1, 60). Continuous data represents information that can be divided into smaller levels. It is classified into two broad categories: qualitative data and quantitative data. the number of classes you take per school year. B. Notice that backpacks carrying three books can have different weights. , i.e. The amount of money they spend on books is as follows: $128; $87; $173; $116; $130; $204; $147; $189; $93; $153. Press ENTER. O B. data are discrete because the data can take on any value in an A pollster interviews all human resource personnel in five different high tech companies. The freshman, sophomore, junior, and senior years are numbered one, two, three, and four, respectively. answer below. discrete because the data can only take on specific values . The data will be quantitative, say 2+3 (=5) apples. Larger samples are better, if possible. The table displays Ethnicity of Students but is missing the "Other/Unknown" category. Data may be classified as qualitative, quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. The Data and Story Library, lib.stat.cmu.edu/DASL/Datafiles/USCrime.html (accessed May 1, 2013). The data are continuous because the data can only take on specific values. O C. Then survey every U.S. congressman in the cluster. Otherwise, the variable is nominal. The examples you have seen in this book so far have been small. Hint: Data that are discrete often start with the words "the number of.". A high school principal polls 50 freshmen, 50 sophomores, 50 juniors, and 50 seniors regarding policy changes for after school activities. Determine the correct data type (quantitative or qualitative) for the number of cars in a parking lot. One student has a red backpack, two students have black backpacks, one student has a green backpack, and one student has a gray backpack. Create a cluster sample by considering each state as a stratum (group). Read the study carefully to evaluate the work. Press ENTER two more times for the other 2 random numbers. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous and explain why The amounts of time that different brands' batteries last in a CD player. Therefore this is discrete data. Data that can take a decimal value and can vary across a range is called . Suppose ABC College has 10,000 part-time students (the population). State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why The speeds of the different people walking in a park Choose the correct answer below. Be aware that as you take data, your data may vary somewhat from the data someone else is taking for the same purpose. Instead of that, just revise what youve already done. The points are associated with an unbroken line. Discrete data is data that can only take certain values, while data that can take any value is continuous data. Since this is the case, sampling without replacement is approximately the same as sampling with replacement because the chance of picking the same individual more than once with replacement is very low. It may take any numeric value, within a potential value range of finite or infinite. CS State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. feet, 190 sq. QUESTIONState whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. Then use simple random sampling to choose proportionate numbers from the first department and do the same for each of the remaining departments. Number of bacteria in a petri dish is 12,120. For example, 16-ounce cans of beverage may contain more or less than 16 ounces of liquid. B. The circumferences (in inches) of people's heads Choose the correct answer below. Q: Classify the Following as Discrete and Continuous Data. The quiz scores (20 of them) in these 2 columns are the cluster sample. The road from A to E and the road from C and D are perpendicular and intersect at point F. Theresa's house is at C, 500 feet from the intersection. This pie chart shows the students in each year, which is qualitative data. We have grown leaps and bounds to be the best Online Tuition Website in India with immensely talented Vedantu Master Teachers, from the most reputed institutions. The list of fruit is nominal. But graphs can be even more helpful in understanding the data. This particular bar graph in Figure \(\PageIndex{4}\) can be difficult to understand visually. This table displays six sets of quiz scores (each quiz counts 10 points) for an elementary statistics class. True random sampling is done with replacement. If you sample without replacement, then the chance of picking the first person is ten out of 25, and then the chance of picking the second person (who is different) is nine out of 24 (you do not replace the first person). The data are the colors of houses. How to Calculate the Percentage of Marks? The data are continuous because Do not automatically assume that the study is good, but do not automatically assume the study is bad either. The weights of the soups (19 ounces, 14.1 ounces, 19 ounces) are quantitative continuous data because you measure weights as precisely as possible. Data is the new oil. Today data is everywhere in every field. It includes only those values which are separate and can only be counted in whole numbers or integers, which means that the data can not be split into fractions or decimals. A stated earlier, Lengths are in general, continuous variables. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. On the other hand, if we count large quantities of any discrete entity. Ungrouped frequency distribution of discrete data is performed against a single value. As a rule, the larger the sample, the smaller the sampling error. Measurement of height and weight of a student, Daily temperature measurement of a place, Wind speed measured daily, etc. A sample that is not representative of the population is biased. If she needed to, Lisa could have generated more random numbers. Manufacturers regularly run tests to determine if the amount of beverage in a 16-ounce can falls within the desired range. The data are the weights of backpacks with books in them. C. The data are A. Many of these students are taking first term calculus in addition to the organic chemistry class. and the Michigan State University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee prior to the start of data collection. Hint: Data that are discrete often start with the words "the number of." the number of pairs of shoes you own. If all the money in the 555, find the number of 10 coins in it 12. categorical, quantitative discrete or quantitative continuous. If they are not, discuss the reasons. For example, the sample may not be large enough. Press ENTER 15 times and record the numbers. Press 5:randInt( and enter 1,6). The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. The discrete data are countable and have finite values; their subdivision is not possible. These data cant be broken into decimal or fraction values. This is important to know when we think about what the data are telling us. You measure continuous data. interval. Therefore, adjustment of the differential equations system under such data . For these samples, each member of the population did not have an equally likely chance of being chosen. Nominal data.Ordinal data.Discrete data.Continuous data. a chemical reaction comma repeated several times Choose the correct and it is subdivided into nominal and ordinal data. OB. Researchers often prefer to use quantitative data over qualitative data because it lends itself more easily to mathematical analysis. What type of data does this graph show? where n is the number of tips in the phylogeny ( ) , P is the continuous trait value of each species, and Q is the expected value of each species given the continuous trait model calculated following Equation (11) of Beaulieu et al. This page titled 1.2: Variables and Types of Data is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by OpenStax via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request. For the purpose of analysis, data are presented as the facts and figures collected together. The size of a sample (often called the number of observations) is important. Different types of data are used in research, analysis, statistical analysis, data visualization, and data science. Record the quiz scores that correspond to these numbers. Try this experiment twice. Show More. For example, suppose you have to do a phone survey. The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. It is also important to know what kind of plot is suitable for which data category; it helps in data analysis and visualization. Roll one fair die (six-sided) 20 times. Legal. Often, people with strong positive or negative opinions may answer surveys, which can affect the results. The data are continuous because the data can only take on specific values. We all know that time is very important, it doesnt wait for anyone. Whenever you face any problem the best solution is consulting the concerned teacher, you should never hesitate to ask for doubts. OC. You must choose 400 names for the sample. These data are used for observation like customer satisfaction, happiness, etc., but we cant do any arithmetical tasks on them. Work more on basics as they form the basis for many other concepts. Other well-known random sampling methods are the stratified sample, the cluster sample, and the systematic sample. Probably not. Press ENTER. The height of a student from age 5-15 is continuous data because the height varies continuously from age 5-15 which is not a constant for 10 years. O C. The data are because.continuous the data can only take on specific values C. This site is using cookies under cookie policy . State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. The ordinal data only shows the sequences and cannot use for statistical analysis. It also could not be used if the percentages added to less than 100%. Misleading use of data: improperly displayed graphs, incomplete data, or lack of context. A. Asking all 20,000 listeners is an almost impossible task. Each undergraduate student in the fall semester has the same probability of being chosen at any stage of the sampling process. A random number generator is used to pick two of those years. The continuous data can be broken down into. Is the study impartial? Data that can only take on certain values are discrete data. four children shared a two third liter bottle of drink equal.how much did each child drink , two pairs of hikers leave the same camp heading in opposite divections. For example, call-in surveys are invariably biased, because people choose to respond or not. 2013 - 2023 Great Lakes E-Learning Services Pvt. Sampling data should be done very carefully. It is not possible to measure qualitative data in terms of. Discrete. Keep counting ten quiz scores and recording the quiz score until you have a sample of 12 quiz scores. Confounding: When the effects of multiple factors on a response cannot be separated. Books for these classes tend to be expensive. The data are continuous because the data can only take on specific values. Record the number. Quantitative data are always numbers. Instructions: Use the Random Number Generator to pick samples. Because students can complete only a whole number of hours (no fractions of hours allowed), this data is quantitative discrete. Your phone book contains 20,000 residence listings. These data are represented mainly by a bar graph, number line, or frequency table. c. LCM of 3 and 4, and How to Find Least Common Multiple, What is Simple Interest? The three cans of soup, two packages of nuts, four kinds of vegetables and two desserts are quantitative discrete data because you count them. If quantitative, state whether it's discrete or continuous. Procrastination isnt even the last option if you are preparing for a statistics exam. These kinds of data are also known as Numerical data. Each student is chosen using simple random sampling. a chemical reaction comma repeated several times Choose the correct The Literary Digest Poll, Virtual Laboratories in Probability and Statistics, Gallup Presidential Election Trial-Heat Trends, 19362008, Gallup Politics. Below are tables comparing the number of part-time and full-time students at De Anza College and Foothill College enrolled for the spring 2010 quarter. Points in a graph of the discrete function remain unconnected. A sample of 100 undergraduate San Jose State students is taken by organizing the students names by classification (freshman, sophomore, junior, or senior), and then selecting 25 students from each. You sample five houses. The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. b. Indicate whether quantitative data are continuous or discrete. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved.