how many vietnam veterans are alive todayhow many vietnam veterans are alive today

Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a dictatorship.Under Hitler's rule, Germany quickly became a . And approximately 164,000 Americans who served at sea in Vietnam waters are alive today. The veterans and their families were detained without trial for decades at a time. Among veterans who had a service-connected disability, Post-9/11 veterans had a 39% chance of having a disability rating of 70% or more significantly higher than for veterans from other periods. A VA health professional discusses the results with the Veteran in a face-to-face consultation and a follow-up letter. There are 18.8 million veterans living in the U.S. today, 7.6 percent of the population. If true, 390 VN vets die a day. 817 East Via CarmelitosVirginia Building 319 The 1st Australian Task Force consisted of Army, Navy, and Air Force personnel and commanded all Australian operations from 1966 until 1972. The exam is cost-free to Veterans and does not require enrollment in VA health care or VA benefit programs. If you are a Veteran in crisis or concerned about one, connect with our caring, qualified responders for confidential help. The data are available from IOM, and can be used for research studies not only on Agent Orange, but also on the long-term health of Veterans, other effects of Vietnam service, the health impacts of aging, and disease-related biomarkers. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2017; 26: 1244-1251. In a reanalysis of the data in 2003, researchers with VA's National Center for PTSD found that, contrary to the initial analysis of the NVVRS data, a large majority of Vietnam Veterans struggled with chronic PTSD symptoms, with four of five reporting recent symptoms when interviewed 20 to 25 years after their Vietnam service. The largest cohort of veterans. The documentary In the Shadow of the Blade (released in 2004) reunited Vietnam veterans and families of the war dead with a restored UH-1 "Huey" helicopter in a cross-country journey to tell the stories of Americans affected by the war. About 5,099 South Koreans were killed and 10,962 wounded during the war. Assessment of a Revised Wartime Experiences Scale for Vietnam-Era Women: The Health of Vietnam-Era Women's Study (HealthViEWS), Skin cancer risk seen in Vietnam vets exposed to Agent Orange, Combat stress among Veterans is found to persist since Vietnam, Study: High rate of PTSD among female Vietnam War vets, Vietnam War: Stories from the Veterans History Project, Veterans' Health Activities, Vietnam Experience Study. Kilbourne AM, Schumacher K, Frayne SM, Cypel Y, Barbaresso MM, Nord KM, Perzhinsky J, Lai Z, Prenovost K, Spiro A, Gleason TC, Kimerling R, Huang GD, Serpi TB, Magruder KM. Featured Publication Those Who Served: America's Veterans From World War II to the War on Terror June 02, 2020 [22], The Vietnam veteran has been depicted in fiction and film of variable quality. Older Veterans actually scored better than non-Veterans in the same age group. Enjoy your remaining time and live long and prosper. [4] That includes deaths from all categories including deaths while missing, captured, non-hostile deaths, homicides, and suicides. In the 1980s and 1990s, service in Vietnam was part of the backstory of many TV characters, particularly in police or detective roles. 2,458 4. When a Veteran mentioned he had only been out of the house three or four times in four years, his occupational therapy team sprung into action. But a review of the existing research did not support a previously held belief that spina bifida occurs in the offspring of exposed Veterans at higher rates. It is the most comprehensive study to date of the mental and physical health of women Vietnam-era Veterans. Today marks Veterans Day and military men and women who served in Vietnam are still the largest group of vets in the U.S. All others should not be accepted to have served either on land or at sea in Vietnam despite their oral claim of service there. As of September 30, 2011, there are about 1,981,000 living veterans of World War II, a war that more than 4 . How Many Vietnam War Veterans Are Still Alive? They also found that only a small number of these Veterans actually sought mental health care. REAL Vietnam War veterans are all those who are officially authorized the Vietnam Service medal and possess official military-issued documentation to confirm their medal authorization. The five-year study looked at the lifetime and current incidence of conditions in women Vietnam-era Veterans, including PTSD, depression, diabetes, heart disease, and disability. Reiber GE, McFarland LV, Hubbard S, Maynard C, Blough DK, Gambel JM, Smith DG. The Tribute also included a formal Crown Apology. It revises and replaces the estimate and projection in VetPop2018. IOM reportsOn Aug. 31, 2010, VA published the final version of a regulation to establish presumptions of service connection between exposure to herbicides in Vietnam and Parkinson's disease, ischemic heart disease, and B-cell leukemias. From late-onset stress symptomology to later-adulthood trauma reengagement in aging combat Veterans: taking a broader view. Nationals of other nations fought in the American-led anti-communist coalition, usually as armed forces of allied nations, such as Australia, New Zealand, Thailand, and South Korea, but sometimes as members of the U.S. Armed Forces. Hypertension-related alterations in white matter microstructure detectable in middle age. The initial physical examination and surveying of AFHS subjects was conducted in 1982, and subsequent cycles were conducted in 1985, 1987, 1992, 1997, and 2002. Kaiser AP, Spiro A 3rd, Lee LO, Stellman JM. Bleaker in tone are such films as Hi, Mom! Lyrics reference a calm before a storm that's "been comin' for some time." For many the turbulence continued long after departing Southeast Asia. [10] Despite high mortality rates among New Zealand Vietnam veterans attributed to Agent Orange, the New Zealand Government has been accused of ignoring the issue until only recently. Kristina Barrett Skin cancer and Agent OrangeIn 2014, investigators at the Washington, D.C., VA Medical Center and the University of Texas M.D. 2014 Jun;23(5):1579-91. IOM's most recent report, published in 2016, is the 10th and final in the series. As of 2010, no memorial has been erected to remember these casualties. Being under fire creates a certain humility, especially when one experiences the loss of comrades. Prolonged exposure therapy for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder: comparing outcomes for veterans of different wars. VAs Veteran Population Projection Model estimates the number of living Vietnam War-era Veterans to be 6.1 million (11). According to the U.S. Department of Labor, the Vietnam Era Veterans' Readjustment Assistance Act of 1974 (VEVRAA) states, "A Vietnam era veteran" is a person who: In 2004, the U.S. Census Bureau reported there were 8.2 million Vietnam-era veterans who were living in the United States,[needs update] with 2.59 million of them being reported to have actually served "in-country.". A more recent example is Bruce Dern's portrayal of a down-and-out veteran in the film Monster (2003). Back in 2015, 939,000 U.S. WWII veterans were still alive and the number of stories and memories being lost daily is accelerating. Satisfaction with prostheticsIn a 2010 survey, VA investigators from the Puget Sound Health Care System in Seattle looked at VA's care for Vietnam Veterans and Veterans of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan who had sustained major traumatic limb loss. Bob Hesselbein spent 681 hours flying AH-1 Cobra gunships over Vietnam in 1972. Nov 11, 2021. According to the research team, the prevalence of PTSD for women who served in Vietnam was higher than previously documented, and Vietnam service significantly increased the chances of developing PTSD relative to service in the United States. More than 300,000 were also wounded during the war. Dorsal anterior cingulate and PTSDIn 2011, Seattle ERIC researchers used brain imaging to study the brains of 12 Veterans who were members of the VET registry, served in Vietnam, and developed PTSD. I was deceived and its a sad situation, on this 50th Anniversary! VA has recognized certain cancers and other health problems as associated with exposure to herbicides during service. From 1969 to 1971, there were around 22,000 ARVN combat deaths per year. (Very few Vietnam veterans were women.) My brother-in-law (a highly decorated Air Force Chief from Operation Shock and Awe) sends me things all of the time. According to the Department of Veterans Affairs, approximately 7.2 million are living today. Since 1994, IOM has published scientific reviews on the long-term health effects of herbicides on Vietnam Veterans every two years. Veterans who served in Vietnam any time during the period beginning Jan. 9, 1962, and ending May 7, 1975, are presumed to have been exposed to herbicides. Twenty-one-year-old Steven A. Wowwk arrived as an infantryman in the Army's First Cavalry Division in Cam Ranh Bay, Vietnam in early January 1969 to fight in an escalating and . President Harry S. Truman ordered the U.S. Armed Forces to end the practice of segregation in 1948. In persistent cases, anxiety disorders such as PTSD, panic disorders and phobias may develop. Over 100 veterans, most of them World War II as well as veterans of the Korean and Vietnam wars, marched to demand an accounting of the American veterans in South East Asia on January 24, 1982. The wartime experiences of some of these characters, such as MacGyver, Rick Simon of Simon & Simon, or Sonny Crockett on Miami Vice, were mentioned only occasionally and rarely became central to story lines. However, many health issues persist for Vietnam War and OIF/OEF survey participants. VA's Post Deployment Health Services directs the center. The Vietnam War helped shape a generation of Americans, none more so than the 2.7 million who served in Southeast Asia. During the war, more than 58,000 servicemen and women lost their lives. The ACS is a nationwide survey designed to provide timely and reliable data every year on the demographic, social, economic and housing characteristics of the nation, states, counties and other localities. Long Beach CA 90805-7549 More than 3.4 million deployed to Southeast Asia (1) and approximately 2.7 million of those served in the Republic of Vietnam (2). The non-twin groups were added to the registry in the late 1990s, as part of a set of family studies. They also determined the link between killing and actually attempting suicide was not as significant as the link between killing and suicidal thoughts. JUNE 2, 2020 A new report released today by the U.S. Census Bureau shows that while the overall population of veterans is declining, the number of female veterans is on the rise and Post 9-11 veterans have the highest rate of service-connected disability compared to any other group of veterans. These studies include mental and physical health outcomes among both women and men. Prolonged exposure therapy for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder: comparing outcomes for veterans of different wars, Killing in combat may be independently associated with suicidal ideation, Diagnostic performance of the PTSD checklist and the Vietnam Era Twin Registry PTSD scale, HealthVIEWS: mortality study of female US Vietnam era Veterans, 1965-2010, Effects of traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic stress disorder on Alzheimer's disease in Veterans, using the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, The association of PTSD with physical and mental health functioning and disability (VA Cooperative Study #569: the course and consequences of posttraumatic stress disorder in Vietnam-era veteran twins), Depression and anxiety symptoms in male Veterans and non-Veterans: the Health and Retirement Study. They are predominantly male (91.6 percent), though the number of female veterans is on the rise. It is also where he acquired his urge to punish the guilty, which goes on to be a defining trait in Castles' character. They participate in the removal of unexplored mines and bombs, help people affected by Agent Orange, teach English to the Vietnamese and conduct Vietnam War battlefield tours for tourists. A total of 9,087,000 military personnel served on active duty during the Vietnam era, with over 2,709,000 Americans serving in Vietnam, about 9.7% of the generation. CBO found that: On average, Vietnam veterans in 2018 had roughly the same income as nonveterans their ages: $63,300 and $65,000, respectively. Finally, 7,500 women were also stationed in Vietnam during the war (10). Age: 84. Anderson Cancer center published a study analyzing the medical records of 100 men who joined the Agent Orange registry at the D.C. medical center between August 2009 and January 2010. Fred Griffin, a military historian with the Canadian War Museum, estimated in Vietnam Magazine (Perspectives) that approximately 12,000 of this personnel served in Vietnam. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. Am J Psychiatry. The chance of finding cancer was 52 percent higher in those whose records indicated Agent Orange exposure. They helped develop many of the debriefing techniques that are now used for traumatized populations from all walks of life. The military of Canada did not officially participate in the war effort, as it was appointed to the UN truce commissions and thus had to remain officially neutral in the conflict. More than 5 million veterans have at least one disability, 1.2 million live in poverty, and 77% of veterans aged 18 to 64 are employed or looking for work. The show depicted his effort to make peace with himself and others. Most New Zealanders operated in Military Region 3 with 1 ATF, in Nui Dat in Phuoc Thuy Province, North East of Saigon. In addition, PTSD was associated with increased mortality due to cancer and external causes of death. When . In addition, assessments of Vietnam Veterans over time are providing new and unique information on the long-term trajectory of mental and behavioral health conditions following exposure to combat. Hometown: Vega Baja, Puerto Rico. A lot of them with birth years from 1946 to 1952. . Also, those serving in special units departing for a tough, long mission were injected with steroids. pio@census.gov. By 1996, an estimated 50,000 to 60,000 U.S. veterans had sought medical evaluation for the syndrome from doctors in the military or Department of Veterans Affairs. At any time during the Vietnam conflict, there were 37 million males aged 18 through 35. Enjoy today's Memorial Day and please take time to "Remember". Vietnam Veterans who reported more killing experiences had twice the odds of suicidal ideation, compared to those with fewer or no killing experiences, even after adjustments for demographic variables, PTSD, depression, substance use disorders, and combat exposure. Jan 09, 2010 #5. Women Vietnam Veterans: Do PTSD Symptoms Mediate Effects of Warzone Service on Health? Pittsburgh VA developed an intervention to prevent emergence delirium, a temporary condition when a patient awakens from a procedure. Researchers found evidence that bladder cancer and hypothyroidism are more strongly linked to Agent Orange exposure than previously thought. Suicides among Vietnam veterans have been said to be 50,000 to 100,000. 12 Sponsored by The NDE OBE Research Project One 2015 report based on the NVVLS concluded that more than 40 years after the war, about 11 percent of Veterans who served in Vietnam had war-related PTSD that met the full diagnostic criteria for the condition. Fewer than 500,000 World War II veterans were alive in 2018, down from 5.7 million in 2000. Magruder K, Serpi T, Kimerling R, Kilbourne AM, Collins JF, Cypel Y, Frayne SM, Furey J, Huang GD, Gleason T, Reinhard MJ, Spiro A, Kang H. The prevalence of PTSD for women Veterans serving in Vietnam is higher than previously documented. On the other hand, many scientists say that if an effect has not been measured in the lab, it doesn't exist. But a growing army of strangers is volunteering . The risk of skin cancer was highest (73 percent) among Veterans involved in spraying Agent Orange. Other New Zealanders from various branches of service were stationed at 1 ALSG in Vung Tau and New Zealand V Force Headquarters in Saigon. Many thousands more were recipients of other military awards in recognition of their heroism in battle. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial stands as a symbol of America's honor and recognition of the men and women who served and sacrificed their lives in the Vietnam War. It revises and replaces the estimate and projection in VetPop2018. Official websites use .gov 2025. This report uses data from the 2018 American Community Survey (ACS). The emotional burden of killing in war, VA Research Currents, Fall 2013, Heart-mind mystery: Unraveling the link between PTSD and heart disease, VA Research Currents, Feb. 28, 2014, Vietnam Veterans to take part in nationwide Alzheimer's study, VA Research Quarterly Update, Summer 2014, Study: Depression, anxiety rates roughly equal among older Vets, non-Vets, VA Research Currents, Oct. 8, 2014, Brain damage from high blood pressure starts early, VA Research Currents, July 23, 2015, Insights on the evolution of PTSD, VA Research Quarterly Update, Winter 2016. VA has long been a leader in helping Veterans with amputations regain mobility and achieve a maximum amount of independence. However, veterans groups estimate that today approximately 9 to 12 million Americans fraudulently claim they served in Vietnam. Banned User wrote: G, Your going it make to 90. Women Vietnam- era Veterans had lower mortality risk from all causes combined and from several major causes, such as diabetes mellitus, heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and nervous system disease relative to comparable US women. Yielding to the inalterable process of aging, the men and women who fought and won the great conflict are now in their 90s or older. Have you asked your Congressman/woman for help on past benefits? After he was unable to find work in his hometown after high school, Krul decided to move to America. During the Vietnam War, from 1962 to 1971, the U.S. military sprayed more than 19 million gallons of defoliants and herbicide over rural areas of South Vietnam, and in Laos and Cambodia, in an attempt to deprive the enemy of food and vegetation cover. In addition to twins, selected adult children of twins and the mothers of those children are also VET Registry members. HealthVIEWS studyThe HealthVIEWS: Health of Vietnam Era Women's Study, conducted by VA's Cooperative Study Program (CSP #579), was a study of approximately 10,000 women who served in the U.S. military during the Vietnam War. HealthVIEWS: mortality study of female US Vietnam era Veterans, 1965-2010. An estimated 340,000 African Americans, 42,000 Native Americans, and 35,000 Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders served in Vietnam (8). The US military never sends Active Duty, Reservist or National Guard military personnel to any war zone without officially documenting that service for the obvious reasons of compiling factual death stats or notifying next of kin in the event of injury or death. From late-onset stress symptomology to later-adulthood trauma reengagement in aging combat Veterans: taking a broader view. There are 22,658,000 veterans in america today, just 8 percent of which are female. in only 6-10 years.. *STATISTICS FOR . A total of 262 service members from the Army, Marine Corps, Navy and Air Force received the nations highest military decoration for valor, the Medal of Honor (4). In some cases, however, anxiety continues for a long period and may worsen over time, with symptoms such as nightmares, racing pulse, and overreactions. This is a large part of the reason why very few servicemen, compared to previous wars, required medical evacuation due to combat-stress breakdowns, but PTSD levels among veterans after the war are at unprecedented levels compared to previous wars.[6]. Served: 1959-1970. photo source: commons.wikimedia.org. In television, the first Vietnam veteran to be a regular character in a U.S. dramatic series was Lincoln Case on Route 66. The army reached its peak strength of about 1,000,000 soldiers in 1972. The defoliant was extremely effective in doing what it was designed for, but the chemical Dioxin's long-term effects on human health and well-being have proven to be both devastating and long lasting to Vietnam veterans and their families and to generations of Vietnamese since the wars end. Am J Epidemiol. Exposure to Agent Orange did not raise the risk of low-grade prostate cancer, but it raised the risk of high-grade disease by 75 percent. DoD-ADNI study-In 2014, the National Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), headed by a San Francisco-based VA investigator, began a study to determine whether TBI and PTSD increase Alzheimer's disease risk as Veterans age. In the period 19661969, the U.S. military provided 225 million tablets of stimulants, mostly dextroamphetamine, according to a 1971 report by the Select Committee on Crime of the U.S. House of Representatives. New Zealand's total contribution numbered nearly 4,000 personnel from 1964 until 1972. SOBERING STATISTICS FOR THE VIETNAM WAR - (Original source and date unknown) "Of the 2,709,918 Americans who served in Vietnam, Less than 850,000 are estimated to be alive today, with the youngest American Vietnam veteran's age approximated to be 60 years old." JAMA Psychiatry. However, films featuring Vietnam veterans constitute a much larger genre.[23]. The US veterans going back to live in Vietnam 23 May 2016 Charles Fox By Ate Hoekstra Da Nang, Vietnam More than 40 years after the end of the Vietnam war, dozens of ageing former American. The Vietnam-Era Veterans' Readjustment Assistance Act of 1974, as amended, 38U.S.C. However, the more common usage distinguishes between those who served "in-country" and those who did not serve in Vietnam by referring to the "in-country" veterans as "Vietnam veterans" and the others as "Vietnam-era veterans." The non-combat force included an engineer construction battalion, medical and rural community development teams, a security battalion, and a logistics and headquarters element. IN HARM'S WAYHow many REAL Vietnam vetsare alive today? them are Veterans themselves. Over the past three decades The War Library has heard from a thousands of individuals claiming they served in military or combat operations either on land or at sea in Vietnam. [12] Units included the elite Queen's Cobras and the renowned Black Panther Division of the Royal Thai Army Volunteer Force. The People's Republic of China deployed the most foreign troops to assist North Vietnam, with nearly 320,000 troops of the People's Liberation Army. The number of veterans in the United States declined by about a third, from 26.4 million to 18.0 million between 2000 and 2018. Sternke LM, Serpi T, Spiro A 3rd, Kimerling R, Kilbourne AM, Cypel Y, Frayne SM, Furey J, Huang GD, Reinhard MJ, Magruder K.Assessment of a Revised Wartime Experiences Scale for Vietnam-Era Women: The Health of Vietnam-Era Women's Study (HealthViEWS). Based on data through September 30, 2020, VetPop2020 provides a projection of the Veteran population at each fiscal year end from 2020 to 2050. In 2019, there were 18.8 million veterans in the civilian population, and 7.4 million of those were veterans of the Gulf War era. Nationwide, approximately 1,000 Vietnam Veterans are participating in screening interviews and 500 are being interviewed by telephone. Additionally, the Vietnam Service Medal has never been 'classified' it is not secret. The median age of veterans in 2018 was 65. Description of a study that is a first step toward the design and statistical powering of an Alzheimer's disease prevention trial using at-risk Veterans as subjects. Jorge Otero Barreto might have one of the greatest nicknames ever bestowed to man. Every sight and sound was heightened. Following the North Vietnamese victory on April 30, 1975, South Vietnamese veterans were arrested and detained in labor camps in desolate areas. In addition, on and around this same day Hanoi released the last of its . The poor functional status of aging combat-exposed Veterans is of particular concern. In the study, formally called the Air Force Health Study (AFHS), Veterans who participated in the operation gave biospecimens such as serum, urine, adipose tissue, and semen, as did a comparison group of Air Force personnel who served in Southeast Asia at the time but were not involved in herbicide spraying operations. Study researchers concluded that, across more than 100 indexes of life-adjustment, the majority of Vietnam Veterans appeared to have successfully readjusted to postwar life, and the majority at the time of the study were experiencing few symptoms of psychological disorders. The Memorial is dedicated to honor the courage . Many did not. Homelessness and Vietnam combatIn 1991, NEPEC researchers found the proportion of homeless Veterans who had served in Vietnam and been exposed to combat was the same as among non-homeless Veterans. More than 5 million veterans have at least one disability, 1.2 million live in poverty, and 77% of veterans aged 18 to 64 are employed or looking for work. Only men with lighter skin types were involved in the study. REAL Vietnam War veterans are all those who are officially authorized the Vietnam Service medal and possess official military-issued documentation to confirm their medal authorization. Vietnam-era Veterans with PTSD have diminished functioning and increased disability. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS Kang HK, Cypel Y, Kilbourne AM, Magruder KM, Serpi T, Collins JF, Frayne SM, Furey J, Huang GD, Kimerling R, Reinhard MJ, Schumacher K, Spiro A 3rd. Because Veterans, especially those who served in combat, have generally experienced more stress and trauma in their lives than non-Veterans, the team had expected to see higher rates of depression among Veterans. By 2040, that number is projected to rise to 17%. It is estimated that out of those survivors less than 900,000 are alive today. They were intentionally withheld causing me and my dependents to be deprived of all C & P for 45 of the 50 years. Vietnam era and Vietnam combat Veterans among the homeless. John Rockhold, a Vietnam veteran, stands on a street in Ho Chi Minh City, formerly known as Saigon. March 25, 2013 The approximate percentage of Vietnam-era veterans who are still alive in 2013 is 75. estimated to be alive today, with the youngest American Vietnam veteran's age approximated to be 54 years old." So, if you're alive and reading this, how does it . How Many Vietnam War Veterans Are Still Alive? How many Vietnam veterans are still alive? He served in the Army, the Army Air Forces, and he was there for the beginning of the U.S. Air Force. At present, there is no exact figure for the number of Vietnam veterans who are still alive. June 7,2022 VA released VetPop 2020 which is VA's new official estimate and projection of the Veteran population. Res Hum Dev. All subjects were diagnosed with PTSD and enrolled in prolonged exposure treatment. The most recent survey by the Department of Veterans Affairs was taken in 2018 which showed there were 568,344 surviving veterans in the United States. Percentage of Vietnam Veterans 0 255075 100 32.1 % 67.9 % Disability Status With Without Percentage of Civilian Population (Age 55 97) 0 255075 100 27.5 % 72.5 % Disability Status Yes No Percentage of Vietnam Veterans 0 255075 100 22.7 % Service Connected Disability 77.3 % 0% 1020% 3040% 5060% 70%< Not Reported Percentage of . Lastly, all Vietnam War operations were declassified in 1993 by US President William Jefferson Clinton, who with USSR President Boris Yeltsin, publicly agreed in signed documents to de-classfy ALL military operations conducted by both countries dating back to WW1 for the specific purpose of accounting for an individual's war service or MIA/POW status! This is another sign of fast-growing cancer. (This team was additional but separate from the civilian medical team that had arrived in 1963 and left in 1975.) Thank you for your service and I am sorry it took so long to be compensated for you. Roger Simpson, VA also works with DoD to support joint research initiatives to determine the value of new technological devices, and how they should be used. The purpose of the study, completed in 1988, was to obtain accurate prevalence rates of postwar psychological problems in Vietnam-era Veterans. This data is critical for government programs, policies, and decision-making. Post-9/11 veterans had a 43% chance of having a service-connected disability, after accounting for differences in demographic and social characteristics among veterans significantly higher than that of veterans from other periods. VE-HEROeS study The Vietnam Era Health Retrospective Observational Study (VE-HEROeS) is a large-scale nationwide study that will assess the health and well-being of Vietnam-era Veterans and compare their health to that of their U.S. counterparts who did not serve in the military. Magruder K, Yeager D, Goldberg J, Forsberg C, Litz B, Vaccarino V, Friedman M, Gleason T, Huang G, Smith N. A formal evaluation of the performance of the scales used to evaluate PTSD in VA's PTSD checklist and the Vietnam Era Twin Registry PTSD scale, compared to the composite International Diagnostic Interview.
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