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In 1905 he began taking measures to consolidate and strengthen the north side of the west facade, which supports the spire. Constructed of pink sandstone from the Vosges Mountains, it took nearly 3 centuries of work to complete this "gigantic and delicate marvel", as Victor Hugo called it. With a height of 18 meters (59 feet), its one of the largest astrological clocks of its kind in the world! The statue of the "Synagogue" is blindfolded, since Jews did not recognise the divinity of Christ. The cathedral has a rich history, dating back to the . [75], The windows of the triforium, between the upper and lower window, contain 19th-century reconstitutions of early windows depicting the ancestors of Christ, but little of the original glass remains. They wear diadems and have flowers in their hair, and carry twigs of the tree of life, or fruit. Bayeux Tapestry. What makes this monument extraordinarily impressive are the steeple with . The rose windows of the west transept facade were made between 1230 and 1235, Above the rose are smaller round oculi from the same period, depicting Biblical symbols; the Alpha and Omega, the Candelabra of the Ancient Alliance, and others which combine floral and geometric designs. The work was completed in 1439. The central art work of the North Transept is a large statue of Christ on the cross, over a sculptural landscape depicting the Mount of Olives, crowded with carved figures in dramatic poses. Strasbourg Cathedral (official French: Notre-Dame de Strasbourg ,German: Liebfrauenmnster zu Straburg, Our Lady of Strasbourg) is the Cathedral in Strasbourg. Even though the cathedral was eventually surpassed in height by the St. Nikolai Church in Hamburg, Germany, it still holds the record of being the tallest church in the world that was completely constructed during the Middle Ages. On the south side of the nave, the upper walls have windows depicting female saints, including local saints from Alsace or Strasbourg. Above this is a colourful clock with the signs of the zodiac. The pulpit itself, in the form of a very ornate corbeille or basket, is entirely covered with colonettes, gables, pinnacles, and niches filled with sculpture, including images of Christ on the cross, a crowned Virgin Mary, Apostles, the Crucifixion, and well as Kings and doctors of the Church. They were constructed around its nave in the 12th century to lend support to the thin walls, after the need. The Strasbourg Cathedral in France is known for its unique spire, because of it the cathedral was the highest monument in the world for more than two centuries! It has an asymmetrical facade (mainly 13th century) with fine . As with so many other European Gothic churches, Strasbourg Cathedral was constructed on the ruins of its Romanesque predecessor. Three high-spots make the visit unforgettable. The painted figures on the wall represent fathers of the church and founders of religious orders, depicted in Byzantine style. While previous faades were certainly drawn prior to construction, Strasbourg has one of the earliest faades whose construction is inconceivable without prior drawing. In addition to being one of the finest examples of high Gothic architecture remaining today, Strasbourg Cathedral has a fascinating history spanning hundreds of years. The construction of the cathedral, which had started in the year 1015 and had been relaunched in 1190, was finished in 1439.[6]. The cathedral is illuminated by one of the most remarkable collections of stained-glassed windows in the world. While the spire is the most prominent feature, the western faade is the most impressive element of the cathedrals design. The very beautiful stained glass windows date from the fourteenth century and is mostly a work by John Kircheim. Walk up 66 meters to marvel at the view of Strasbourg from the top of the clock. It was hoisted up to its present position in 1327. 1500) by Nikolaus Hagenauer, probably from the former main altar of the cathedral, Parts of the original astronomical clock (Strasbourg Museum of Decorative Arts). 9. They were purchased by the Chapter of Strasbourg Cathedral in 1739, and were an example of the importation of the French style of that period into Alsace. de la Cathdrale, 67000 Strasbourg, France Phone +33 3 88 21 43 34 Web Visit website A masterpiece of Gothic architecture, Notre-Dame Cathedral rivals its more famous counterpart in Paris. The crossing dome is placed over the meeting point of the transept and the choir, and, like the bell tower, has eight sides. Built of red Vosges sandstone, it is a harmonious edifice despite the variety of its architectural styles. In the south transept, the lancet and oculus windows in the two large bays on the east, built in 12201227, are modelled after those in the lower choir of Chartres Cathedral. Strasbourg is the seat Council of Europe, of the European Court of Human Rights and of the European Parliament. The choir and the north transept of the cathedral were completed in a Romanesque style starting in 1176, and it wasnt until the year 1225 that the switch was made to the Gothic style. The cathedral in Strasbourg is widely known as one of the most beautiful gothic cathedrals in whole Europe. The genuinely Romanesque chevet can only be seen from the courtyard of the adjacent complex of 18th-century buildings. The crossing is filled with statues and busts of saints set into niches as well as bas-reliefs of the Nativity and the Adoration of the Magi. Figures of two reclining women hold a cadran (clock face) between them which tells the minutes. The ornate and colourful decoration of pinnacle, spires, and sculpture Sculpture also hangs beneath the organ, including a moving figure of Samson opening the jaws of a lion. The next major step toward Gothic took place with the raising of the vaults of the south transept, creating thinner walls and more space for high windows. It was the tallest building of world for over 227 years. The original Romanesque cathedral burned down in the year 1176 and the construction of the modern-day cathedral started shortly after this disaster. A pointed arch, a tribune for singers, and a balustrade were added in the 15th century. [53], Unlike the sculpture of earlier cathedrals, the Strasbourg statues clearly show emotions; the prophets look severe, the Virgins appear serene, the Virtues look noble, and the frivolous Virgins appear foolish. By plane 15 minutes from Strasbourg Airport. The rose window, with a rayonnant Gothic design, is fourteen metres in diameter and was finished in 1345. "[36], The cathedral was not returned to church control until July 15, 1801, along with confiscated property that had not been destroyed. Other articles where Cathedral of Notre-Dame is discussed: Strasbourg: The contemporary city: Strasbourg's 11th-15th-century Cathedral of Notre-Dame, damaged in 1870 and again in World War II, has been carefully restored. Strasbourg Cathedralor the Cathedral of Our Lady of Strasbourg(French: Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg, or Cathdrale de Strasbourg, German: Liebfrauenmnster zu Straburgor Straburger Mnster), also known as Strasbourg Minster, is a cathedral. One of the most fascinating facts about Strasbourg Cathedral is that it took hundreds of years to complete. Recht, Roland; Foessel, Georges; Klein, Jean-Pierre: Learn how and when to remove this template message, Al-Qaeda plot to bomb the adjacent Christmas market, List of tallest structures built before the 20th century, St. Peter and St. Paul's Church, Wissembourg, "Architecture et sculpture gothiques: cathdrale de Strasbourg (1)", "Prodige du gigantesque et du dlicat (translation)", "Chronologie des fouilles archologiques", "17. The face is flanked by two cylindrical towers with narrow lancet windows and pointed roofs. It was built on the site of a chapel from the Merovingian dynasty - the ruling family of the Franks from the middle of the fifth to the eighth centuries. Strasbourg Cathedral (official French: Notre-Dame de Strasbourg ,German: Liebfrauenmnster zu Straburg, Our Lady of Strasbourg) is the Cathedral in Strasbourg. Other moving figures include a trumpet player carrying a banner and a pretzel vendor being offered flour, water, and salt by the caryatides on the console. The pilasters between the stairways are older, from 1015. The belltower is 142 m high. [21] From 1341 until 1372 (or according to other sources: 13391371), the post of chief architect was held by a Master Gerlach (not to be confused with Erwin's other son, Gerlach von Steinbach, architect of the Niederhaslach Church),[22] who has been identified as Erwin's grandson Johannes Gerlach von Steinbach. "It is our history," French president Emmanuel Macron said after the fire. [68] Its base is topped by a gallery with pointed arches, beneath a level with large arched bays, two on each side, side, divided by clusters of columns. The Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame, or Museum of the Work of Notre-Dame, is located in a medieval and Renaissance building not far from the cathedral, and displays a collection of some of the most delicate original works of sculpture and art from Cathedral, moved there to protect them from environmental damage. Dreamstime is the world`s largest stock photography community. After trying several temporary measures, in 1915, during the First World War, he launched a large-scale project to replace the entire foundation of the cathedral with concrete. In 1015, bishop Werner laid the first stone of a new cathedral on the foundations of the Carolingian church. The Bayeux Tapestry is without a doubt the most fascinating Romanesque artwork that was ever produced. [16], A Roman settlement called Argentoratum, twenty hectares in size, existed on the site since about 12 B.C., at a strategic point where bridges crossed the Rhine and two of its tributaries. Overview Download history Purchase history Invoices Boards SIGN OUT. It is surrounded by a big place where tourists and inhabitants of Strasbourg like to take a walk. Completed in 1439, it looms majestically over the Place de la Cathdrale, a major city square. Adolf Hitler, who visited it on 28 June 1940, intended to transform the church into a "national sanctuary of the German people",[43] or into a monument to the Unknown German Soldier. After the war, it was returned to the cathedral by the Monuments, Fine Arts and Archives section of the United States military.[47]. It is really beautiful and imposing! Thanks to 3D reconstructions of. Strasbourg's 11th-15th-century Cathedral of Notre-Dame, damaged in 1870 and again in World War II, has been carefully restored. Strasbourg France Facts 1: the population. HayleesSilver From shop HayleesSilver. It is reached by a stairway with a curling sculpted design called "butterfly wings". [56], Lintel decoration Mary ascends to Heaven, Ecclesia and Synagoga among other statues from the cathedral in the Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame, The south portal, or Portal of the Virgin, dates to about the 1220s, the same time as the Pillar of the Angels and the Astronomic clock in the interior. [19], 1277 plan for west front (Plan Riss B restitution), Construction of Strasbourg Cathedral, by Thophile Schuler, 1850, Strasbourg Cathedral in the Middle Ages, painting by August von Bayer (19th century), The next major project was the rebuilding of the west front, or facade, in the Gothic style. Most of these windows date back to the 12th and 13th centuries! [9] The Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame, a municipal museum located in the Foundation's buildings, displays original works of art from the cathedral, such as sculptures and stained-glass, but also the surviving original medieval buildings plans. Construction began in 1015, and it was largely completed in 1432. [18]. The columns are purely decorative, and are so thin they are compared to the strings of a harp. Under the balustrade is a large painting on wood illustrating the Nativity, in a sweeping landscape. Described by Victor Hugo as a "gigantic and delicate marvel",[7] and by Goethe as a "sublimely towering, wide-spreading tree of God",[2] the cathedral is visible far across the plains of Alsace and can be seen from as far off as the Vosges Mountains or the Black Forest on the other side of the Rhine. A balustrade crosses the face of the transept, and above is a wall of two bays filled with stained glass. Download Strasbourg Cathedral stock photos. The cupola itself rests upon four squinches, a base made of rounded arches, which make the connection between the Gothic and Romanesque elements. [84], The main altar, in the form of a tomb, is a recreation of an earlier altar in the rocaille or late baroque style, which had been damaged in a fire in 1759 and then ruined during the French Revolution. Repairs to war damage were completed only in the early 1990s. One angel sounds the bell while a second turns over an hourglass. This switch was made under the influence of architects who worked on the Cathedral of Chartres. It looks over the former cloister of the canons of the cathedral. [57] Following their destruction during the French Revolution, several of the sculptures have been replaced in the 19th century by works by Philippe Grass,[58] Jean-tienne Malade,[59] and Jean Vallastre. It was the tallest building in the world for a period of 227 years, 6. I love my Sony A6000, which is light, compact and . The cathedral was hit by British and American bombs during air raids on the centre of Strasbourg on 11 August 1944, which also heavily damaged the Palais Rohan and the Sainte-Madeleine Church. [70], The chevet, at the northeast end of the cathedral, close to the transept, has vestiges that go back to the Romanesque cathedral, particularly at the lower levels. This is, however, nothing compared to the height of the spire, which reaches a total height of 142 meters (466 feet) above the ground. The new building, with its wooden roof beams, was unfortunately prone to fire; it suffered from fires in 1136, 1140,1150, and 1176. He was followed by a Michael von Freiburg (also known as Michael von Gmnd, or Michael Parler, from the Parler family of architects), recorded as magister operis in 13831387,[24] who was then succeeded by Claus von Lohre (13881399). Portal of Saint Lawrence (North transept). The octagonal vault is covered with arches and lacelike interlaced sculpture in the late Gothic Flamboyant style. However, the official ownership of the structure was given, and belongs today, to the French state, and it is administered by the Mayor of Strasbourg. Its also the capital of the Bas-Rhin department. In 1956, the Council of Europe donated the famous choir window by Max Ingrand, the "Strasbourg Madonna" (see also Flag of Europe Biblical interpretation). It was built next to Strasbourg Cathedral in the 1730s, from designs by Robert de Cotte . [85], Statue of Virgin and a processional banner, in the Chapel of St. Andrew, The Chapel of Saint Andrew is on the southeast side, to the right of the apse. Both the interior and exterior of the Strasbourg Cathedral are extraordinary, once called by Victor Hugo "a prodigy of the gigantic and the delicate." Built on the foundations of a Roman. In 1877, architect Gustave Klotz reconstituted the windows in their original arrangement. These windows consist of 5 sets and depict 19 Emperors of the Holy Roman Empire. Strasbourg and Cologne Cathedral together represent some of the earliest uses of architectural drawing. Some of the capitals also have sculpted monsters and lions on the corners. Back in the day that Strasbourg was referred to as Argentoratum by the Ancient Romans, the site was already occupied by a Roman sanctuary. After the annexation of the city by Louis XIV of France, on 30 September 1681, and a mass celebrated in the cathedral on 23 October 1681 in presence of the king and prince-bishop Franz Egon of Frstenberg,[33] the cathedral was returned to the Catholics and its inside redesigned according to the Catholic liturgy of the Counter-Reformation. The 142 m high spire looks incredibly lightweight and made the Cathedral the highest edifice in all Christianity until the 19th century. Architect Erwin von Steinbach is credited for major contributions from 1277 to his death in 1318, and beyond through his son Johannes von Steinbach, and his grandson Gerlach von Steinbach, who succeeded him as chief architects. The sacristy occupies the upper level over the chapel. It replaces the original window which was one of the few windows not put into safe storage before World War II; it was destroyed by Allied bombing in 1944. He in 1284 and developed a western facade, with a thousand sculptures and an elegant rosette window. The tower is one of the first to rely substantially on craftsmanship, with the final appearance being one with a high degree of linearity captured in stone. The architects of the rebuilding began to include Gothic elements, following the style that had appeared in northern France in the 12th century, while still preserving the existing Romanesque features.