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[36] This cemented Trudeau's belief that Keynesian economics and social sciences were essential to the creation of the "good life" in a democratic society. Canada more than ever welcomed American investments during the "stagflation" (high inflation and high unemployment at the same time) that hurt both nations in the 1970s. [182][183], When his divorce was finalized in 1984, Trudeau became the first Canadian Prime Minister to become a single parent as the result of divorce. [193] However, the passage of time has only slightly softened the strong antipathy he inspired among his opponents. [194][195] Trudeau's strong personality, contempt for his opponents and distaste for compromise on many issues have made him, as historian Michael Bliss puts it, "one of the most admired and most disliked of all Canadian prime ministers". His letters of recommendations praised him highly. The foundation said the 2014 total was a single gift from the Switzerland-based . [169], Trudeau was a Roman Catholic and attended Mass throughout his life. In 1984, Trudeau was romantically involved with Margot Kidder (a Canadian actress famous for her role as Lois Lane in Superman: The Movie and its sequels) in the last months of his prime-ministership[184] and after leaving office.[185]. He also made headlines for his personal life, dating the likes of Barbra Streisand before marrying the much younger Margaret Sinclair in 1971. Trudeau: Profession: Politician: Died: Sep 28, 2000 ( age 80) Birthday & Zodiac: Birth Sign: Libra: Birth Date: October 18, 1919: Birthday: October 18 . Court actions under the Charter resulted in the adoption of same-sex marriage all across Canada by the federal Parliament. Trudeau presented a determined public stance during the crisis, answering the question of how far he would go to stop the violence by saying "Just watch me". It was the first of its kind in the world,[62] and was then emulated in several provinces, such as Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and other countries most notably Australia, which has had a similar history and immigration pattern. The widely remembered perception is that Trudeau dismissed the protesters' concerns with "Why should I sell your wheat?" . [52] Trudeau paraphrased the term from Martin O'Malley's editorial piece in The Globe and Mail on December 12, 1967. As minister of justice and attorney general, Trudeau was responsible for introducing the landmark Criminal Law Amendment Act, an omnibus bill whose provisions included, among other things, the decriminalization of homosexual acts between consenting adults, new gun ownership restrictions and the legalization of contraception, abortion and lotteries, as well as the authorization of breathalyzer tests on suspected drunk drivers. [186] Coyne later stood for the 2013 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election and came fifth[2] in a poll won by Justin. Trudeau formally retired on June 30, ending his 15-year tenure as Prime Minister. Stphane Demers performs in the role.[206]. [129] During his final government in 198084, Trudeau's government took markedly pro-Palestinian positions as Trudeau was described as being "pro-Arab" by this point. Justin Trudeau Net Worth . Pierre Trudeau's Net Worth: $1-5 Million Age, Height & Body Measurements Pierre Trudeau has been died on Sep 28, 2000 ( age 80). This proposal was seen by many as racist and an attack on Canada's aboriginal population. [105] Prompted by Halstead, who was known as a proponent of economic "rebalancing" by seeking closer economic ties with the EEC, Trudeau made a visit to Brussels in October 1973 to see Franois-Xavier Ortoli, the president of the European Commission. [119] On 10 October 1970, a statement was issued by the External Affairs department in Ottawa saying: "The Chinese government reaffirms that Taiwan is an inalienable part of the territory of the People's Republic of China. He was "appalled at the narrow nationalism in his native French-speaking Quebec, and the authoritarianism of the province's government. While revenues decreased for Western provinces (particularly Alberta) and for the petroleum industry, Trudeau's government subsidized Eastern consumers, angering Alberta, who successfully fought for control of its natural resources in 1930. His family was quite wealthy by the time he was a teenager, as his father, a businessman and lawyer, had sold his gas station business to Imperial Oil some years prior. 22 years ago. After a rise in the polls after the rejection of the Victoria Charter, the Quebec Liberals had taken a more confrontational approach with the Federal government on the constitution, French language laws, and the language of air traffic control in Quebec. Artists and intellectuals in Quebec signed the Refus global on August 9, 1948, in opposition to the repressive rule of Premier of Quebec Maurice Duplessis and the decadent "social establishment" in Quebec, including the Catholic Church. While he shot down a suggestion by one of his ministers to turn Canada into a republic in 1968, he treated the monarchy with a certain bemused contempt. In this way, his conception broadened beyond simply the relationship of Quebec to Canada. The four-hour CBC production examines Trudeau's early life. [146] A week prior to the referendum, Trudeau delivered one of his most well-known speeches, in which he extolled the virtues of federalism and questioned the ambiguous language of the referendum question. [117], Trudeau established Canadian diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China before the United States did in 1979, and went on an official visit to Beijing. [72], After consultations with the provincial premiers, Trudeau agreed to attend a conference called by British Columbia Premier W. A. C. Bennett to attempt to finally patriate the Canadian constitution. The sheer volume of appointments, combined with questions about the appointees' qualifications, led to condemnation from across the political spectrum. ", "Forty years on, Trudeaumania still lives", "Omnibus Bill: 'There's no place for the state in the bedrooms of the nation', "PM Trudeau won't let 'em rain on his parade", "2000: Justin Trudeau delivers eulogy for his father Pierre", "Confessions of a mobster: 'My job was to kill Pierre Trudeau', "Castro mourns for Trudeau, who stood up for him", "Closest friends surprised by Trudeau revelations", "October Crisis Timeline: Key Events in the October Crisis in Canada", Young Trudeau: Son of Quebec, Father of Canada, 19191944, Pierre Trudeau Parliament of Canada biography, CBC Digital ArchivesPierre Elliott Trudeau: Philosopher and Prime Minister, Leaders of the Official Opposition in Canada, Ministers of Justice and Attorneys General, The referendum on the Charlottetown Accord, 19471948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine, Incapacitation of the Allied Control Council, On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences, North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972, Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union, 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre, List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States, American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation, United States involvement in regime change, Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Trudeau&oldid=1142424728, Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Quebec, Canadian Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour, Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada), Universit de Montral Faculty of Law alumni, Articles with dead external links from December 2021, Articles with permanently dead external links, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from May 2016, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in Canadian English, Articles to be expanded from February 2022, All Wikipedia articles needing words, phrases or quotes attributed, Wikipedia articles needing words, phrases or quotes attributed from May 2016, Articles lacking reliable references from August 2012, Articles with dead external links from May 2022, National Portrait Gallery (London) person ID same as Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, As a Minister of the Crown and an elected Member of the, He was granted arms, crest, and supporters by the. Stanfield proposed the immediate introduction of wage and price controls to help end the increasing inflation Canada was currently facing. [14] From his earliest years, Trudeau was fluently bilingual, which would later prove to be a "big asset for a politician in bilingual Canada. At the end of Canada's centennial year in 1967, Prime Minister Pearson announced his intention to step down, and Trudeau entered the race for the Liberal leadership. [149][150], This first budget, was one of a series of unpopular budgets delivered in response to the oil shock of 1979 and the ensuing severe global economic recession which began at the start of 1980. As a candidate Trudeau espoused participatory democracy as a means of making Canada a "Just Society". By 1984 . [187], Trudeau was a strong advocate for a federalist model of government in Canada, developing and promoting his ideas in response and contrast to strengthening Quebec nationalist movements, for instance the social and political atmosphere created during Maurice Duplessis' time in power. Trudeau's remarks in Havana were widely seen in the West as not only expressing approval of Cuba's Communist government, but also the Cuban intervention in Angola. Pierre Trudeau, who has died aged 80, was, but for a break of 10 months, Prime Minister of Canada from 1968 until 1984, and had claim to be the greatest Canadian prime minister of the 20th century. Maclean's 1997 and 2011 scholarly surveys ranked him twice as the fifth best Canadian prime minister, and in 2016, the fourth best. The late 1970s saw a more sympathetic American attitude toward Canadian political and economic needs, the pardoning of draft evaders who had moved to Canada, and the passing of old sore points such as Watergate and the Vietnam War. .css-m6thd4{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:Gilroy,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:bold;color:#323232;text-transform:capitalize;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-m6thd4:hover{color:link-hover;}}Every Candidate in the 2024 U.S. Presidential Race, These 10 Jimmy Carter Quotes Will Inspire You, 4 U.S. Presidents Who Won the Nobel Peace Prize, How Little-Known Jimmy Carter Won the 1976 Primary, George H.W. Trudeau's net worth is estimated to sit between $10 and $13million, or 7.2 and 9.3million. When his father died in October 2000, a eulogy by Mr Trudeau at his state funeral brought him . [137], As the 1970s wore on, growing public exhaustion towards Trudeau's personality and the country's constitutional debates caused his poll numbers to fall rapidly in the late 1970s. [145], In the debates in the legislature during the campaign leading up to the referendum Lvesque said that Trudeau's middle name was Scottish, and that Trudeau's aristocratic upbringing proved that he was more Scottish than French. Though winning the popular vote by four points, the Liberal vote was concentrated in Quebec and faltered in industrial Ontario, allowing the PCs to win the seat-count handily and form a minority government. The PQ had chiefly campaigned on a "good government" platform, but promised a referendum on independence to be held within their first mandate. At the start of the campaign, polls showed the Liberals 10 points ahead of the Progressive Conservatives led by Robert Stanfield, who previously lost to Trudeau in the 1968 election. Pierre Trudeau was from a well-to-do family in Montreal. Though politics was familiar territory for him, being the son of former prime minister Pierre Trudeau, who served his term from 1968 to 1984 in the Canadian Government. In 1991, Trudeau welcomed a daughter, Sarah Elizabeth, with lawyer Deborah Coyne. [78], Trudeau's first government implemented many procedural reforms to make Parliament and the Liberal caucus meetings run more efficiently, significantly expanded the size and role of the Prime Minister's office,[79] and substantially expanded social-welfare programs.[80][81][82][83]. [118] Unknown to Trudeau, the Chinese diplomatic corps had been so thoroughly purged during the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution that the Chinese Foreign Ministry barely functioned by early 1969. The notable exception was Lvesque, who, Trudeau believed, would never have signed an agreement. His progressive values and his close ties with Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) intellectuals (including F. R. Scott, Eugene Forsey, Michael Kelway Oliver and Charles Taylor) led to his support of and membership in that federal democratic socialist party throughout the 1950s. "[22], Young Trudeau opposed conscription for overseas service,[22] and in 1942 he campaigned for the anti-conscription candidate Jean Drapeau (later the mayor of Montreal) in Outremont. [124] The war which attracted worldwide attention owing to the Nigerian tactic of starving into submission the people living in the self-proclaimed Republic of Biafra, causing a famine that killed millions. From the late 1960s until the mid-1980s, Trudeau's personality dominated the political scene to an extent never before seen in Canadian political life. Through hours of archival footage and interviews with Trudeau himself, the 1990 documentary Memoirs details the story of a man who used intelligence and charisma to bring together a country that was very nearly torn apart.[236]. [23] Although the National Resources Mobilization Act, enacted in 1940, originally provided that conscripts could not be required to serve outside of Canada,[29] in 1942 Parliament amended the act and removed that restriction. Following his graduation, Trudeau articled for a year and, in the fall of 1944, began his master's in political economy at Harvard University's Graduate School of Public Administration (now the John F. Kennedy School of Government). Charles-mile Trudeau was born on his family's farm in Saint-Michel-de-Napierville . In addition, Quebec's proposal to negotiate a sovereignty-association agreement with the federal government was overwhelmingly rejected in the 1980 Quebec referendum. While Trudeau claimed to welcome the "clarity" provided by the PQ victory, the unexpected rise of the sovereignist movement became, in his view, his biggest challenge. [7][8] In 1659, the first Trudeau to arrive in Canada was tienne Trudeau or Truteau (16411712), a carpenter and home builder from La Rochelle. The 1970 October Crisis tested his stance against terrorists. His casket lay in state on Parliament Hill from September 30 to October 1 and the following day at Montral City Hall.On October 3, a state funeral was held at . [144], The first challenge Trudeau faced upon re-election was the May 20, 1980 Quebec referendum on Qubec sovereignty, called by the Parti Qubcois government under Ren Lvesque. [192][unreliable source?] Trudeaumania, as it was called, was the nickname given to the excitement brought on by throngs of teenagers who supported Trudeau. [21] Harvard had become a major intellectual centre, as fascism in Europe led to the great intellectual migration to the United States. [51], On January 4, 1973, Trudeau voted for a resolution in the House of Commons that condemned the American Christmas bombings against North Vietnam between 18 and 29 December 1972. [4] It is seen as advancing civil rights and liberties and has become a cornerstone of Canadian values for most Canadians. Trudeau's posthumous reputation in the western provinces is notably less favourable than in the rest of English-speaking Canada, and he is sometimes regarded as the "father of Western alienation". He was succeeded by John Turner, a former Cabinet minister under both Trudeau and Lester Pearson. [114] By contrast, the West German Foreign Minister Hans-Dietrich Genscher gave Trudeau a firm promise of West German support for an EEC-Canadian economic agreement. [13] After her husband died, she left the management of her inheritance to others and spent a lot of her time working for the Roman Catholic Church and various charities, travelling frequently to New York, Florida, Europe, and Maine, sometimes with her children. According to Wikipedia, Forbes, IMDb & Various Online resources, famous Politician Pierre Trudeau's net worth is $1-5 Million before He died. [120] After the statement was issued, China and Canada established diplomatic relations on the same day. [4] In response to a formal request from the Canadian Houses of Parliament, the British Parliament passed an act ceding to the governments of Canada the full responsibility for amending Canada's Constitution. In the city where he lived, Pierre Trudeau's death is especially personal. [12] Already in his late teens, Trudeau was "directly involved in managing a large inheritance. Section 15, dealing with equality rights, has been used to remedy societal discrimination against minority groups. [97], The NATO question badly divided the cabinet. Trudeau famously defended the segment of the bill decriminalizing homosexual acts by telling reporters that "there's no place for the state in the bedrooms of the nation", adding that "what's done in private between adults doesn't concern the Criminal Code". [131], On September 1, 1972, over four years into the Liberals' five-year mandate, Trudeau called an election for October 30. however, he had asked the question rhetorically and then proceeded to answer it himself. On the eve of the election, during the annual Saint-Jean-Baptiste Day parade in Montreal, rioting Quebec sovereignists threw rocks and bottles at the grandstand where Trudeau was seated, chanting "Trudeau au poteau!" Later, when he travelled to Japan as Prime Minister, he was promoted to shodan (first-degree black belt) by the Kodokan, and then promoted to nidan (second-degree black belt) by Masao Takahashi in Ottawa before leaving office. The breadth of the legislation, which touched on many powers traditionally considered the purview of the provinces, prompted a Supreme Court reference that only upheld the legislation as an emergency requiring Federal intervention under the British North America Act. Unlike Ryan and the Liberals, he refused to acknowledge the legitimacy of the referendum question, and noted that the "association" required consent from the other provinces. He noted the ostensible conflict between socialism, with its usually strong centralist government model, and federalism, which expounded a division and cooperation of power by both federal and provincial levels of government. Because of his labour union activities in Asbestos, Trudeau was blacklisted by Premier Duplessis and was unable to teach law at the Universit de Montral. [66], In 1969, Trudeau along with his then Minister of Indian Affairs Jean Chrtien, proposed the 1969 White Paper (officially entitled "Statement of the Government of Canada on Indian policy"). In Montreal, where Trudeau made his home after retiring as Prime . [127] However, Trudeau worked for a compromise to avoid a split in the Commonwealth, arguing that the Commonwealth needed to do more to pressure South Africa to end apartheid peacefully, saying that a "race war" in South Africa would be the worse possible way to end apartheid. [38] He also was influenced by Nikolai Berdyaev, particularly his book Slavery and Freedom. In 1963, Trudeau criticized the Liberal Party of Lester Pearson when it supported arming Bomarc missiles in Canada with nuclear warheads. January 10, 2005. In a final and bloody conflict, armed rioters fired on the troops, and the soldiers returned fire. However, Trudeau's ambitions in this arena have been overstated: Trudeau once said that he regretted the use of the term "bilingualism", because it appeared to demand that all Canadians speak two languages. Trudeau was awarded a 2nd dan black belt in judo by the Takahashi School of Martial Arts in Ottawa. From 1951 to 1961, he practiced law, specializing in labor and civil liberty cases, issues he would later bring into focus for all of Canada. [107] Britain's decision in 1973 to join the European Economic Community (EEC) as the European Union was then known, confirmed Trudeau's view that the United Kingdom was a declining power that had little to offer Canada while the way that Japan had replaced Britain as Canada's second-largest trading partner was taken as further confirmation of these views. [128] Lee Kuan Yew, the prime minister of Singapore and the host of the conference later praised Trudeau for his efforts at the Commonwealth summit to hold together the Commonwealth despite the passions caused by the South African issue. [153][154][155][156], Amongst the policies introduced by Trudeau's last term in office were an expansion in government support for Canada's poorest citizens. The Liberals won no seats in Alberta, though, where Peter Lougheed was a vociferous opponent of Trudeau's 1974 budget. With the enactment of the Canada Act 1982, the British Parliament ceded all authority over Canada to the governments of Canada. He earned most of his income from his political career. After 16 years as prime minister, Trudeau retired from politics in 1984. He served as leader of the Liberal Party of Canada from 1968 to 1984. As per our current Database, Pierre Trudeau died on Sep 28, 2000 (age 80). After much discussion within the cabinet, Trudeau finally declared that Canada would stay within NATO after all on 3 April 1969, but he would cut back Canada's forces within Europe by 50%. [148], More particularly, two incidents involving Trudeau are remembered as having fostered Western alienation, and as emblematic of it. He had an older sister named Suzette and a younger brother named Charles Jr. Trudeau remained close to both siblings for his entire life. Many of his policies evolved from the revolutionary ideas of the 1960s. His body has never been recovered. Which appears to. Peter Lougheed, then premier of Alberta, entered into tough negotiations with Trudeau and they reached a revenue-sharing agreement on energy in 1982. He helped prevent Quebec from separating from the rest of Canada in 1980 and championed a new constitution for the country, which greatly advanced Canadians civil rights. Death: September 28, 2000, in Montreal, Quebec Education: BA - Jean de Brbeuf College, LL.L - Universit de Montral, MA, Political Economy - Harvard University, cole des sciences politiques, Paris, London School of Economics . Pierre Trudeau was the 15th prime minister of Canada, famous for his youthful energy, his charismatic and controversial personality and his commitment to Canadian unity. [75] Trudeau responded with increasing anger at what he saw as nationalist provocations against the Federal government's bilingualism and constitutional initiatives, at times expressing his personal contempt for Bourassa. Bilingualism is one of Trudeau's most lasting accomplishments, having been fully integrated into the Federal government's services, documents, and broadcasting (though not, however, in provincial governments, except for full bilingualism in New Brunswick and some French language service rights in Ontario and Manitoba). In 1980, Chrtien was tasked with creating a constitutional settlement following the Quebec referendum in which Quebecers voted to remain in Canada.[147]. He would hold this seat until his retirement from politics in 1984, winning each election with large majorities. He defeated several prominent and long-serving Liberals, including Paul Martin Sr., Robert Winters and Paul Hellyer.[55]. Photo: Evening Standard/Hulton Archive/Getty Images, Every Candidate in the 2024 U.S. Presidential Race, Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads, Name: Pierre Elliott Trudeau, Birth Year: 1919, Birth date: October 18, 1919, Birth City: Montreal, Quebec, Birth Country: Canada. AIR Awareness Outreach; AIR Business Lunch & Learn; AIR Community of Kindness; AIR Dogs: Paws For Minds AIR Hero AIR & NJAMHAA Conference Trudeau's life was also depicted in two CBC Television mini-series. [200][201] The CBC's special on The Greatest Canadian saw him ranked as the third greatest Canadian of all time, behind Tommy Douglas and Terry Fox, from the over 1.2 million votes cast by watchers of the program. Trudeau maintained, however, that he preferred to impose constraints on himself rather than have them imposed from the outside. He was back in power the following year, and he became the leading force against the 1980 referendum to give Quebec sovereignty. [133], In May 1974, the House of Commons passed a motion of no confidence in the Trudeau government, defeating its budget bill after Trudeau intentionally antagonized Stanfield and Lewis. [118] The delay was largely because the Chinese insisted that Canada have no relations whatsoever with "the Chiang Kai-shek gang" as they called the Kuomintang regime in Taiwan and agree to support the Chinese position that Taiwan was a part of the People's Republic, a position that caused problems on the Canadian side as it implied Canadian support for China's viewpoint that it had the right to take Taiwan by force into the People's Republic. Joseph Philippe Pierre Yves Elliott Trudeau PC CC CH QC FRSC (/trudo, trudo/ TROO-doh, troo-DOH, French:[pj tydo]; October 18, 1919 September 28, 2000), also referred to by his initials PET,[1][2][3] was a Canadian lawyer and politician who served as the 15th prime minister of Canada from 1968 to 1979 and from 1980 to 1984. And since the future of Canadian federalism lies clearly in the direction of co-operation, the wise socialist will turn his thoughts in that direction, keeping in mind the importance of establishing buffer zones of joint sovereignty and co-operative zones of joint administration between the two levels of government[61], Trudeau pointed out that in sociological terms, Canada is inherently a federalist society, forming unique regional identities and priorities, and therefore a federalist model of spending and jurisdictional powers is most appropriate. He died on September 28, 2000. Trudeau, in an attempt to represent Western interests, offered to form a coalition government with Ed Broadbent's NDP, which had won 22 seats in the west, but was rebuffed by Broadbent out of fear the party would have no influence in a majority government. The Constitution Act, 1982, part of the Canada Act 1982, established the supremacy of the Constitution of Canada, which now could only be amended by the federal and provincial governments, under the amending formula established by the Constitution Act, 1982.[159]. He appointed Jean Chrtien as the nominal spokesman for the federal government, helping to push the "Non" cause to working-class voters who tuned out the intellectual Ryan and Trudeau. Aivalis, Christo. Inflation and unemployment marred much of Trudeau's tenure as prime minister. He and Turner then crafted a legal agreement calling for Turner to advise an additional 70 patronage appointments. Court challenges based on the Charter have been used to advance the cause of women's equality, establish French school boards in provinces with majority anglophone populations, and provide constitutional protection to English school boards in Quebec. Lawyer, professor, author and defender of human rights this statesman served as Prime Minister of Canada for fifteen years. The following honours were bestowed upon him by the Governor General, or by Queen Elizabeth II herself: Trudeau received several Honorary Degrees in recognition of his political career. [100] Ultimately, the fact the United States would be more favourably disposed to a Canada in NATO and the need to maintain cabinet unity led Trudeau to decide, despite his own inclinations, to stay in NATO. According to Trend Celebs Now, Pierre Trudeau . Pierre Trudeau was the 15th prime minister of Canada for nearly 16 years. He won his bid to become a Canada's prime minister as the leader of the Liberal Party. Within a year, he had reformed the divorce laws and liberalized the laws on abortion and homosexuality. Trudeau and two of his colleagues were invited to run for party seats. Trudeau mocked the proposal, saying to a newspaper reporter that it was the equivalent of a magician saying "Zap!